පකිස්තාන ක්‍රිකට් කණ්ඩායම

The Pakistan national cricket team (උර්දු: پاکستان قومی کرکٹ ٹیم), popularly referred to as the Shaheens (lit: Falcons)Men in Green and the Cornered Tigers, represents Pakistan in international cricket and is administered by the (PCB). The team is a full member of the International Cricket Council, and participates in Test, and cricket matches.

පකිස්තානය

පකිස්තාන ක්‍රිකට් ලාංඡනය
පුද්ගලයෝ
නායකයා
පුහුණුකරු
ඉතිහාසය
ටෙස්ට් තත්ත්වය අත්පත්කරගත්තේ	1952
ටෙස්ට් තරග
පළමුවන ටෙස්ට් තරගය	ඉන්දියාවට එරෙහිව දිල්ලියේදී 16–18 ඔක්තෝබර් 1952
එක්-දින ජාත්‍යන්තර
පළමුවන එදිජා	නවසීලන්තයට එරෙහිව ක්‍රයිස්ට්චර්ච් හිදී 11 පෙබරවාරි 1973
වි20 ජාතළුන්තර
පළමුවන වි20ජා	එංගලන්තයට එරෙහිව බ්‍රිස්ටල් හිදී 28 අගෝස්තු 2006
1වන නිල ඇඳුම 2වන නිල ඇඳුම 3වන කට්ටලය

Pakistan have played 879 ODIs, winning 464, losing 389, 8 with 18 ending in . Pakistan were the champions, and were runners-up in the . Pakistan, in conjunction with other countries in South Asia, have hosted the and World Cups, with the being hosted at in . The team has also played 118 , the most of any team, winning 70 losing 45 and 3. Pakistan won the and were runners-up in the . Pakistan also won the for the first time.

Pakistan have played 410 Test matches, with winning 132, losing 120 and drawing 158. The team has the third-best win/loss ratio in Test cricket of 1.10, and the fourth-best overall win percentage of 32.19%. Pakistan was given Test status on 28 July 1952, following a recommendation by India, and made its Test debut against at , Delhi, in October 1952, with India winning by an innings and 70 runs. In the 1930s and 40s, several Pakistani Test players had played Test cricket for the before the in 1947.

As of 18 September 2017, the Pakistani cricket team is ranked sixth in Tests, sixth in and second in by the ICC.

ඉතිහාසය

Cricket in Pakistan has a history predating the creation of the country in 1947. The first ever international cricket match in was held on 22 November 1935 between and Australian cricket teams. The match was seen by 5,000 Karachiites. Following the independence of Pakistan in 1947, cricket in the country developed rapidly and Pakistan was given Test match status at a meeting of the Imperial Cricket Conference at in England on 28 July 1952 following recommendation by India, which, being the successor state of the , did not have to go through such a process. The first captain of the Pakistan national cricket team was .

Pakistan's first Test match was played in in October 1952 as part of a five Test series which won 2–1. Pakistan made their first tour of England in 1954 and drew the series 1–1 after a memorable victory at in which fast bowler took 12 wickets. Pakistan's first home Test match was against India in January 1955 at , , East Pakistan (now Bangladesh), after which four more Test matches were played in , , and (all five matches in the series were drawn, the first such occurrence in Test history).

The team is considered a strong but unpredictable team. Traditionally Pakistani cricket has been filled with players of great talent but limited discipline, making them a team which could play inspirational cricket one day and then perform less than ordinarily another day. In particular, the has always been emotionally charged and provide for intriguing contests, as talented teams and players from both sides of the border elevate their game to new levels to produce high-quality cricket. Pakistani contests with India in the have seen packed stadiums and elevated atmospheres no matter where the World Cup has been held. The team is well supported both at home and abroad, especially in the United Kingdom where have formed a fan-club called the "Stani Army", who show up to matches across the country and provide raucous support. The Stani Army also take part in charity initiatives for needy Pakistanis, including annual friendly cricket matches against members of the similar "Bharat Army".

The , played in in , is remembered for a famous last-ball victory for Pakistan against arch-rivals India, with emerging as a national hero. India batted first and set a target of 245 runs, leaving Pakistan with a required run rate of 4.92 runs per over. Miandad came in to bat at number 3 and Pakistan lost wickets at regular intervals. Later recalling the match, he stated that his main focus was to lose with dignity. With 31 runs needed in the last three overs, Miandad hit a string of boundaries while batting with his team's lower order, until four runs were required from the last delivery of the match. Miandad received a from , which he hit for six over the midwicket boundary.

At the , having won the toss, New Zealand chose to bat first and ended with a total of 262 runs. Pakistan batted conservatively yet lost wickets at regular intervals. With the departure of and shortly thereafter, Pakistan still required 115 runs at a rate of 7.67 runs per over with veteran Javed Miandad being the only known batsman remaining at the crease. A young , who had just turned 22 and was not a well-known player at the time, burst onto the international stage with a match-winning 60 off 37 balls. Once Inzamam got out, Pakistan required 36 runs from 30 balls, which wicketkeeper ended with a towering six over long off, followed by the winning boundary to midwicket. The match is seen as the emergence of Inzamam onto the international stage.

The in Australia and New Zealand marked Pakistan's first World Cup victory. It is remembered for the comeback Pakistan made after losing key players such as and and being led by an injured captain Imran Khan. Pakistan lost 3 of their first 5 matches and were nearly eliminated in the first round of the tournament after being bowled out for 74 runs against England, until the match was declared as a "no result" due to rain. Imran Khan famously told the team to play as "cornered tigers", after which Pakistan won five successive matches, including, most famously, the semi-final against hosts New Zealand and the final against England.

The was one of the biggest upsets in World Cup history when Pakistan was knocked out of the competition in a shock defeat to , who were playing in their first competition. Pakistan, needing to win to qualify for the next stage after losing to the West Indies in their opening match, were put into bat by Ireland. They lost wickets regularly and only 4 batsmen scored double figures. In the end they were bowled out by the Irish for 132 runs. The Irish went on to win the match, after scored 72 runs. This meant that Pakistan had been knocked out during the first round for the second consecutive World Cup. Tragedy struck the team when coach died one day later on 18 March 2007 in a hospital in . Jamaican police spokesman, Karl Angell, reported on 23 March 2007 that, "Mr Woolmer's death was due to as a result of manual strangulation" and that, "Mr Woolmer's death is now being treated by the Jamaica police as a case of murder." Assistant coach acted as temporary coach for the team's final group game of the tournament. Subsequent to his team's defeat and the death of Woolmer, Inzamam-ul-Haq announced his resignation as captain of the team and his retirement from one-day cricket, stating that he would continue to take part in Test cricket but not as captain. was announced as his successor. Following his return to the squad, was appointed as vice-captain until December 2007.

On 23 March 2007, Pakistan players and officials were questioned by Jamaican police and submitted DNA samples along with fingerprints, as part of the routine enquiries in the investigation into Woolmer's murder. Three days after leaving the West Indies for Pakistan, via London, the Pakistan team were ruled out as suspects. The deputy commissioner of Jamaican police. Mark Shields, the detective in charge of the investigation, announced, "It's fair to say they are now being treated as witnesses." "I have got no evidence to suggest it was anybody in the squad." A memorial service was held in Sacred Heart Church, Lahore, for Bob Woolmer on 1 April 2007. Among the attendees were Pakistan players and dignitaries, including Inzamam-ul-Haq, who was quoted as saying, "After Woolmer's family, the Pakistan team was the most aggrieved by his death." After the World Cup ended, serious doubts were raised about the investigation, with increasing speculation that Woolmer died of natural causes. This has now been accepted as fact, and the case has been closed.

On 20 April 2007, a PCB official announced that former Test cricketer would act as interim coach, in addition to his rôle as team manager, until a new coach had been appointed. On 16 July 2007, , previously head coach of New South Wales, was appointed coach of the Pakistan for two years, becoming the third foreigner to take on the rôle. In the , Pakistan exceeded expectations to reach the final but ended as runners-up, after losing the final to India in a nail-biting finish. On 25 October 2008, was named as a national coach of the team by the .

On 21 June 2009 Pakistan won the , beating Sri Lanka in the final by eight wickets. Pakistan had begun the tournament slowly losing two of their first three matches but after dismissing New Zealand for 99 runs in the Super 8 stage they had a run of four consecutive wins against teams including previously unbeaten South Africa (in the semi-final) and Sri Lanka in the Final. Due to his top form, Shahid Afridi emerged as Pakistan's hero in the final taking the last single and making Pakistan win their first Twenty 20 world cup. was announced player of the match in both Semifinal and Final of the Tournament vs SA and SL respectively.

The 2010 World T20 was held in West Indies, where Pakistan was able to reach for the semi-final stage. Pakistan, Australia and Bangladesh were in Group A. Pakistan won the first match against Bangladesh by 21 runs. Salman Butt became the hero of the match with his 73 runs from just 46 balls. The second match for Pakistan was with Australia, where Australia won the toss and elected to bat. They scored 191/10 with 49 ball 81 runs by . In this match, final over of Australian innings was bowled by . He took a triple-wicket maiden and there were two run-outs, and eventually five wickets fell in the final over of Australia's innings.

In Super 8s stage, Pakistan lost to England, and New Zealand, only won against South Africa. They finished only behind England in Group E of Super 8s, reached to the semi-finals The semi-final for Pakistan was again with Australia, where they scored 191/6 with Umar Akmal's not out 56 runs. Australia had a good start, where scored a match winning unbeaten 64 runs from just 24 balls. Australia scored 197/7 in 19.5 overs and won the match. With this match, Pakistan lost their defended World T20 title.

Pakistan started well in the 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup, which was held in India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, after beating Kenya, Sri Lanka (one of the tournament favourites) and bye a margin, beating Canada. Shahid Afridi clearly stated that his team is capable of qualifying for the Semifinals. After a huge loss against New Zealand, Pakistan defeated Zimbabwe by 7 wickets. After victory against Pakistan cemented their shot at playing the Quarters. One of the highlights of the tournament for Pakistan was when they beat Australia, who were led by 3 brilliant pace bowlers, , and . However Pakistan defied the odds and defeated Australia, courtesy of a brilliant bowling display. This saw Australia's record win streak of 27 consecutive world cup games broken which saw them win every game between the 1999 world cup up until this game. In the quarter-finals they played West Indies. Pakistan were ruthless, as they emphatically won against the West Indies side by 10 wickets, due to another brilliant bowling display. In the semi-finals on 30 March, Pakistan had a match with its fiercest rival, India. India, due to Tendulkar who was as always dominant against the Pakistani bowling attack, managed 260 after they batted first. Not having a good batting line-up along with a slow start to the chase, Pakistan were 29 runs short as India reached the final (India went on to win the final, by defeating Sri Lanka).

The 2012 edition of World T20 was held in Sri Lanka, where Pakistan grouped in Group D with New Zealand, and Bangladesh. They won comfortably against the two teams, and stood up as top of group D. In super eight contest, Pakistan first played against South Africa, where Pakistan won the match by just 2 runs. next match was against India, which always given a much publicity by all over the fans. Pakistan bowled out for just 128 runs, where India reached the target with only 2 wickets given. Pakistan won their last Super eight match against Australia by 32 runs, where performed well in the match by taking 3 wickets for 17 runs. Pakistan qualified for the semi-finals after superior net run rate than India.

The Pakistan semi-final was with the host-Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka scored 139/ with took the gear. Pakistan chased the target, but wickets in crucial interval gave them backward. Skipper scored 42 runs and all the other batsmen not going well. The match was turned towards Sri Lanka with magical spell by , who took wickets of Mohammad Hafeez, Shahid Afridi and Shoaib Malik. Pakistan lost the match by 16 runs.

The 2014 ICC World T20 was held by Bangladesh. the Pakistani team was in Bangladesh prior to the World T20, due to , which was held by Bangladesh. Pakistan played for the Group 2, with mighty oppositions. The tournament was a disappointing one for the Pakistanis, where they won 2 and lost 2, finished the group as third and disqualified for the semi-finals.

The first group match was with rivals India, which India won by 7 wickets. The next match was against Australia, where Pakistan scored 191/5 with brilliant batting of Umar Akmal. Australia had a fierce going with 33 ball 74 runs by Glenn Maxwell, but only managed to score 175. Pakistan won the match by 16 runs. The match against Bangladesh was a comfortable win by 50 runs. Pakistani opening batsman scored the maiden T20I century by a Pakistani. He finished with an unbeaten 111 of 62 balls. The crucial match was with West Indies, where the winning team would go through to the semi-final. West Indies won the toss and elected to bat first. They scored 166/6 in their 20 overs, West Indies scored 82 runs off the last 5 overs giving a fearsome hitting to the Pakistani bowlers. Pakistan's chase was unsuccessful as they were bowled out for just 82 runs. Pakistan was eliminated from the tournament with this result.

Pakistan started poorly in the . Their first match was against cricket rivals — India. India batted first and scored 300/7 with scoring a century. After a poor start to the run chase, Pakistan's skipper made a useful contribution of 76 runs but Pakistan lost the match by 76 runs. The second match against was a disaster. West Indies posted 310/6 on the board. In response, Pakistan lost 4 wickets for 1 run on the board, a first in an ODI match. The team was bowled out for 160 and lost the match by 150 runs.

Pakistan then won their next four games against Zimbabwe, , and Ireland. scored Pakistan's only century against Ireland and was awarded Man of the Match against both South Africa and Ireland. The victory was Pakistan's first against South Africa in a World Cup match. Pakistan finished third in group B and qualified for the quarter finals.

The quarter final match of Pakistan was against . Pakistan scored 213 runs. Australia started steadily but wickets regularly fell during the middle overs. The match gained a lot of attraction due to the on-field rivalry between Australian all-rounder, Shane Watson and Pakistani pacer, . Wahab's spell was praised despite not picking up many wickets. Pakistan dropped catches during the first power-play and conceded many runs. The partnership between and allowed Australia to win the match. As a result, Pakistan were knocked out of the tournament. The match was the final ODI for Pakistani's captain Misbah-ul-Haq and experienced all-rounder Shahid Afridi.

After the 2015 Cricket World Cup, Misbah-ul-Haq and Shahid Afridi ended their ODI careers. As a result, the captaincy of the ODI team was given to newcomer . Under his captaincy, Pakistan played their first ODI series . The tour was a disappointment and Pakistan lost all three ODIs as well as the T20 match. Clever bowling coupled with wonderful batting and fielding allowed the hosts to stroll past the visitors. This was Bangladesh's first win against Pakistan since the 1999 Cricket World Cup and first ever series win over Pakistan. However, Pakistan ended the tour on a positive with a 1–0 win in the two match test series.

Pakistan played a in May 2015 after 6 years. This was the first tour by a Test-playing nation since the . Pakistan won the T20I series 2–0 and the ODI series 2–0 after the third match ended in a draw due to rain. During , Pakistan won the test series 2–1, the ODI series 3–2 and the T20I series 2–0. The successful tour allowed Pakistan to qualify for the , removing West Indies from a place in the tournament. The series win pushed up Pakistan's ranking in all three formats of the game.

In September, Pakistan traveled to for 2 T20Is and 3 ODIs. Pakistan won the T20I series 2–0 and the ODI series 2–1. As a result, Pakistan concluded their 2015 season rankings as 4th in Tests, 8th in ODIs, and 2nd in T20Is.

The sixth edition of ICC World T20 was held in India. Pakistan was in group 2 with India, Australia, and . Pakistan started their campaign with a victory defeating Bangladesh by a margin of 55 runs. But the remaining campaign was a disaster as Pakistan lost all their three remaining matches against India, New Zealand and Australia in group-stage and, therefore, were knocked out of the tournament early. This was the second time that Pakistan didn't make it to the semi-finals of World T20 (previous in ICC World T20 2014).

In a later T20 series in Sep 2016, Pakistan's National Cricket Team won the series with Winner team West Indies with 3–0. They won by 9 wickets, 16 runs, 8 wickets consecutively.

On 18 August 2016, Pakistan beat Ireland by 255 runs at to register their biggest ODI victory. They also won the famous Lord's test against England in July 2016 which was the opening test of the series.

In August 2016, Pakistan achieved the number 1 ranking in test cricket for the first time since 1988, after Sri Lanka whitewashed Australia. Pakistan displaced India as number 1 after rain caused the final test match between India and West Indies to end in a draw. Pakistan became the 1st Asian team and 2nd team overall to win a day-night test match, which was against the West Indies in Dubai.

Misbah-ul-Haq and , who had been the mainstays of the Pakistani batting line-up, announced their retirement from Test cricket (the only format they played) at the completion of the West Indies cricket tour 2017. Pakistan won the T20I series 3–1 and the ODI series 2–1 in the same tour under the captaincy of . In his final Test series, Misbah made history by being the first Pakistani captain to win an away Test series against West Indies in West Indies.

The tournament did not start well for Pakistan, losing to their arch rivals India by 124 runs. But as the group stages progressed the bowling attack improved significantly for Pakistan, winning games against South Africa by 19 runs, and a crucial game against Sri Lanka by 3 wickets. This set up a semi final against hosts England, where took 3 wickets to then take Pakistan to their first Final, a highly anticipated re-match with India.

In the final before a packed house at , India won the toss and elected to bowl first. Pakistan's batting lineup made India question their decision with opening batsman scoring his maiden One Day International century (114 off 106 deliveries), with major contributions from (59) and (57 not out) pushing Pakistan to a total of 338. India lost their top order quickly with getting the key wickets of , and . Resistance came in the form of , who scored a brisk 76. , Pakistan's star find in this tournament took the final wicket finishing with figures of 3–19, leaving India 180 runs short of the target and handing Pakistan their first Champions Trophy. The margin of victory was the largest in an ICC tournament final.

On the strength of his tournament-leading 13 wickets taken, Hasan Ali was named as player of the tournament. Post match , Pakistan captain stated (after the opening match against India) "I said to the boys, the tournament doesn't finish here. Good cricket, positive cricket and we will win". After Pakistan's victory, they moved up from 8th to 6th in the ICC ODI rankings. The ICC Team of the Tournament had Sarfraz Ahmed as captain, Fakhar Zaman, Junaid Khan and Hasan Ali from Pakistan.

මුලාශ්‍ර

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