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"ද පෝස්ට්-මොඩර්න් ප්‍රොමිතියස්" (සිංහල: "පශ්චාත්-නූතන ප්‍රොමිතියස්") යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ ඇමරිකානු රූපවාහිනී කතාමාලාවක් වන ද එක්ස්-ෆයිල්ස් හි පස්වන කථාවාරයේ පස්වන කථාංගයයි. මෙහි මුල් විකාශය 1997 නොවැම්බර් 30 දින ෆොක්ස් රූපවාහිනී ජාලය ඔස්සේ සිදු විය. කතාමාලාවේ නිර්මාතෘ විසින් රචනා සහ අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කළ "ද පෝස්ට්-මොඩර්න් ප්‍රොමිතියස්" යනු "සතියේ රාක්ෂයා" වර්ගයේ කථාංගයකි. එනම් ස්වාධීන කථපුවතක් වන මෙය හා සම්බන්ධ නොවූවකි. මුල් විකාශයේදී ම මිලියන 18.68ක පිරිසක් නැරඹූ "ද පෝස්ට්-මොඩර්න් ප්‍රොමිතියස්" 11.5ක හිමිකරගත්තේ ය. සම්මාන උළෙලේ දී සම්මාන හතක් සඳහා නිර්දේශ වූ මෙම කථාංගය එක් සම්මානයක් හිමිකරගත්තේ ය. මෙය සමස්තයක් ලෙස ධනාත්මක ප්‍රතිචාර ලැබී ය; ඇතැම් විචාරකයන් එය සම්භාව්‍ය කෘතියක් යැයි නම් කරද්දී තවකෙක් එය වැඩසටහනේ පස්වන කථාවාරයේ වඩාත්ම විස්මය දනවන තනි කථාංගය යැයි පැවසූහ.
| "ද පෝස්ට්-මොඩර්න් ප්‍රොමිතියස්" | |
|---|---|
| ද එක්ස්-ෆයිල්ස් කථාංගය | |
 | |
| කථාංග අං. | කථාවාරය 5 කථාංගය 5 |
| අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කළේ | |
| රචනා කළේ | ක්‍රිස් කාටර් |
| නිෂ්පාදන කේතය | 5X06 |
| මුල් තිරගත දිනය | නොවැම්බර් 30, 1997 |
| ධාවන කාලය | මිනිත්තු 46 |
| ආරාධිත නළු | |
| |
| කථාංග කාලානුක්‍රමය | |
කථාව ගෙතී ඇත්තේ එක්ස්-ෆයිල් නැමැති අස්වාභාවික සිද්ධීන් සම්බන්ධයෙන් විමර්ශනය කරන එෆ්බීඅයි විශේෂ නියෝජිත ෆොක්ස් මෝල්ඩර් () සහ ඩේනා ස්කලී (ගිලියන් ඇන්ඩර්සන්) වටා ය. මෝල්ඩර් මෙම පාරස්වාභාවික සිදුවීම් පිළිබඳ විශ්වාස කරන්නකු වන අතර සංශයවාදී ස්කලීව මුලින් පත්කොට තිබුණේ ඔහුගේ බොරු හෙළිදරව් කිරීමටයි. මෙම කථාංගයේ දී මෝල්ඩර් සහ ස්කලී මැදිවියේ කාන්තාවක ගැබ්ගැන්වූයේ යැයි පැවසෙන අද්භූත ජීවියකු පිළිබඳ විමර්ශනය කරති. එහිදී ඔවුන් අනාවරණය කරගන්නේ ද ග්‍රේට් මුටේටෝ යැයි නම්කළ එම "රාක්ෂයා" සැබැවින්ම -ආකාරයේ වෛද්‍යවරයකුගේ ජානමය නිර්මාණයක් බවයි. මුලින් ප්‍රතික්ෂේප වුව ද, පසුව ජනයා ද ග්‍රේට් මුටේටෝව පිළිගනිති.
Carter's story draws heavily on 's and particularly on 's 1931 of the story. The script had been written specifically with singer and actress in mind, but both were unavailable at the time of shooting. Talk-show host appeared as himself, and —who appeared in later episodes as FBI agent —played The Great Mutato. The episode was filmed in black-and-white, with a sky backdrop created to imitate the style of old Frankenstein films. Owens wore makeup and prosthetics that took several hours to apply.
Plot
The episode begins in the guise of a ; special agent () receives a letter from Shaineh Berkowitz (Pattie Tierce), a single mother who claims to have been mysteriously impregnated, while unconscious, by an unknown presence 18 years ago, resulting in the birth of her son, Izzy (Stewart Gale). Now, following a similarly unexplained attack, she is pregnant again. She has heard about Mulder's expertise in the paranormal from and wants him to investigate. Mulder and his partner, special agent (), travel to rural . They meet Shaineh and her son Izzy and learn that the description of the creature that attacked her, with a lumpy head and two mouths, is very similar to a comic book character invented by Izzy. His monstrous creation, called The Great Mutato, is inspired by a mysterious creature that has been seen by many of the locals. Izzy and his friends take the agents to a wooded area where they see Mutato () from a distance.
They meet an old man who angrily tells them that there are no monsters and sends them to see his son, a geneticist named Francis Pollidori (). Dr. Pollidori shows them his experiments studying the using the fruit fly . This presentation includes images of a fly with legs growing out of its mouth. He tells the agents that the same kind of experiment could, in theory, be performed on humans. Afterward, Mulder tells Scully that he believes that Dr. Pollidori, acting as a modern-day , has created The Great Mutato. Later, Dr. Pollidori's wife Elizabeth (Miriam Smith) is knocked unconscious and is attacked in the same manner as Shaineh. At the crime scene, Mulder and Scully find a chemical residue from an agricultural agent used to anesthetize animals, which leads them to suspect Dr. Pollidori's father, who is a farmer. Dr. Pollidori comes to his father's house, angrily confronts him, and murders him. Later, Mutato, who lives with Pollidori Sr., finds his dead body and tearfully buries it in a barn.
Mulder and Scully go looking for Pollidori Sr. and find a shallow grave and photographs of the dead man with Mutato. Meanwhile, Dr. Pollidori leads an angry mob of townspeople to his father's house, demanding that Mulder and Scully turn the alleged murderer over to them. The agents find Mutato hiding in the basement as the crowd gathers upstairs. Someone accidentally sets the barn alight and in the ensuing confusion, the mob realize that the agents are protecting the monster in the basement. Mutato speaks to the crowd and explains that he was created 25 years before, and that he is the result of a genetic experiment by Dr. Pollidori. Unbeknownst to his son, Pollidori Sr. rescued Mutato and cared for him, but was unable to provide a friend or a mate for the boy. The old man attempted to emulate his scientist son's experiments, and tried to create hybrids from his farm animals. Mutato asks Dr. Pollidori to create a female companion for him, but the scientist says that he cannot—that Mutato was a mistake. The townspeople realize that The Great Mutato is not a monster after all and Dr. Pollidori is arrested for the murder of his father. Mulder feels that it is unjust for Mutato not to get a mate and so he demands to see the writer: Izzy. In a fanciful, if not imagined, scene, Mulder and Scully take matters into their own hands and take Mutato, along with the townspeople, to a concert. The episode ends with a shot of Mulder and Scully dancing, which slowly turns back into the comic book seen at the beginning of the episode.
Production
Conception
Going into the fifth season of The X-Files, series creator noted, "we knew we were going to be hitting these very dramatic marks which were the mythology episodes, and we wanted to lighten, or leaven, the season with quirky episodes." Carter wanted to write a -inspired episode, but found it difficult to reconcile 's unbelievable tale with the style of the show. To achieve his vision, he wrote a script that blurred the real world with the X-Files reality and that had a distinct fantasy element. Carter combined elements of the original story with fairy tales and elements of folk tales. In order to make the episode "as moving" as possible, Carter sought to echo elements of 's of Frankenstein. He later noted that, by "using modern science, I took an old style, which is black and white, and an old approach, which is a kind of James Whale approach to science fiction, and came up with a story about a love-lorn monster".
The idea for the genetic engineering story was developed with the help of the series' science adviser, . Carter visited a friend of Simon, a scientist at in , who had been able to genetically manipulate flies so that they grew legs from their eyes. After Carter had created the character of The Great Mutato, he discovered that cartoonist had already created a character with the same name—although with different pronunciation—for entry of . Carter contacted Groening, who gave Carter permission to use the name. Like two-thirds of the episodes of the series, "The Post-Modern Prometheus" is a "Monster-of-the-Week" episode, a stand-alone plot which is unconnected to the of The X-Files.
නළුවරණය
's music plays a role in "The Post-Modern Prometheus", Chris Carter having written the episode after spending a summer listening to Cher records and developing a fixation on the singer. Carter knew that Cher's half-sister was a major X-Files fan, and Carter learned through LaPiere that Cher herself was intrigued by the show and would be interested in making an X-Files guest appearance. star also expressed an interest in guesting on The X-Files, and Carter wrote the part of Shaineh Berkowitz specifically for her. Barr, however, was unavailable at the time of shooting—her projected role was filled by — while Cher passed on the proffered performing as herself, a decision for which she later expressed regret: "I wanted them to ask me to come on and act—then they just wanted me to come on and sing ... Just to come on and be myself wasn't anything I'd want to do until I saw [the finished episode]" — "Had I [foreseen] the quality of [it] I would have done it in a heartbeat." Cher did authorize the use of three of her tracks on the episode's soundtrack including "" heard at the episode's conclusion while ostensibly performed onstage by celebrity impersonator —filmed in longshot or from the back or overheard—as Cher. Although Bell was credited for the role, Cher's fans responded to the episode's premiere with online speculation as to whether the singer had appeared in the episode. Tabloid talk show host appeared as himself. These casting choices went against a long-standing tradition on The X-Files of only casting actors who were not well-known.
regular had auditioned for several roles on the show but Carter had not previously thought of him as "an X-Files actor". For the part of Dr. Pollidori, however, Carter considered him "the absolute perfect casting choice". Stewart Gale, who played Izzy Berkowitz, was a non-actor who was sitting on the back of a truck when Carter passed. Carter convinced Gale's father—who was initially suspicious of the director's credentials—to let Gale travel to Vancouver to take part in the episode. The characters of Izzy's friends were also played by inexperienced actors. One was a snake handler on the set of —the shooting of which overlapped that of season five—and the other worked at a Vancouver coffee shop that Carter frequented.
The Great Mutato was played by Chris Owens, unrecognizable in heavy makeup. Owens had played a younger version of in two episodes of and was later cast as the recurring character of FBI special agent . During his audition, Owens noted, "Chris said, 'Okay, did you ever see Elephant Man? ... What I'm looking for is dignity. He's got dignity. But he's definitely mutated'". After Owens heeded Carter's instructions and attempted to bring dignity to the audition, Carter requested that he try it again "with less autism".
රූ ගත කෙරුම
The first five seasons of The X-Files, including "The Post-Modern Prometheus", were filmed in Vancouver. It was the third episode of the program that Carter directed; He decided to film the episode in black-and-white—in homage to James Whale—which brought more challenges than he expected. The director of photography, Joel Ransom, had to spend longer than usual lighting each scene because of the . The stormy skies in the episode, added to emulate the atmosphere of old Frankenstein movies, were a . Carter also used a camera lens throughout the episode, which forced the actors to act directly to the camera, rather than to each other. According to Carter, it also enabled him to give scenes in the episode a more surreal staging than was usual for the show.
The makeup for the character of The Great Mutato was designed and created by special effects supervisor Tony Lindala. The Mutato mask went through several design iterations on paper, including 10–15 drawings and a color rendition. Constructed from latex, and containing an articulated second mouth, it cost $40,000 and took between five and seven hours to apply. In addition to the mask, Chris Owens wore contact lenses and dentures. Owens later recalled that "the makeup had taken seven hours, and then I had sat around for three or four. And now I was going to sit in the dark, and I could only see out of one eye. They put a big contact lens in." Initial versions of the costume were deemed "too human looking" and so a newer design was chosen.
Lindala also created "Baby Mutato" costumes for the twin infants featured in The Jerry Springer Show scene, but the production crew had difficulty keeping the costumes on the children. Lindala later said, "[t]he little babies kept tearing their hair off, we kept gluing it back on". Lindala was happy that the episode was filmed in black and white because it helped "the prosthetic [because] it is difficult to work in a foam piece that long and not recognize it as a painted, opaque, false translucency." Lindala later called the filming technique the "saving grace" of the episode. In addition, he later submitted his makeup for the episode to the in an attempt to be nominated for an .
Music and cultural references
The episode was scored by series composer , and was, according to him, his best episode score of the fifth season. He described the main theme as "a very dark, macabre, insidious sort of nasty waltz". The episode's main theme is also greatly inspired by 's theme song by . Three songs are heard in the versions sung by Cher during the episode: "", "" and "". The latter is played at the end of the episode when the agents take The Great Mutato to a Cher concert. In the episode, the character watches Cher's 1985 movie , and derives comfort from the loving relationship between Cher's character and her son, who has a disfiguring genetic bone disorder. At the end of the episode, Mulder and Scully take The Great Mutato from his small town to a Cher concert, where she picks him out of the crowd to dance.
The episode contains several cultural references. First, the episode's title is a reference to both the subtitle for Shelley's original novel, The Modern Prometheus, and to the school of thought. Postmodernism has been described as a "style and concept in the arts, architecture, and criticism, [that] is characterized by the self-conscious use of earlier styles and conventions, a mixing of different artistic styles and media, and a general distrust of theories." Furthermore, the Frankenstein-like doctor shares the name—albeit with a slightly different spelling—of Shelley's contemporary, , who was present at the conception of her novel. Several lines in the episode come directly from James Whale's 1931 movie Frankenstein.
Themes
"The Post-Modern Prometheus" is the most obvious reference to Frankenstein made by the series, although traces of the story are seen elsewhere in the episode "" and the episode "". In addition, the series' overarching mythology revolves around shadowy leaders who salvage alien spacecraft for their own technological use and create human-alien hybrids. The episode contains themes relating to motherhood and sexuality. According to film studies writer Linda Badley, this episode, and season four's "", foreshadow Scully's impending motherhood and her realization, in following episodes "" and "", that she has been used to create a human-alien hybrid, Emily. Diane Negra, in her book Off-White Hollywood: American Culture and Ethnic Female Stardom, points out that while The Great Mutato impregnates both Shaineh Berkowitz and Elizabeth Pollidori without their consent or knowledge, it is "an oversimplification" to label the monster as a rapist, because both Berkowitz and Pollidori "desire for children through unconventional means". Thus, Mutato's acts allow for the two women to get what they desperately desire in a moment of "magical resolution".
Eric Bumpus and Tim Moranville, in their book Cease Fire, the War Is Over!, propose that the episode—and by extension, the series as a whole—is a rejection of "modernity's naturalism" and an acceptance of "post-modernity's mystic supernaturalism". The two argue that, while in stereotypical "great science fiction" the monster created usually runs amok, in "The Post-Modern Prometheus", the creature is "a lovable success". Furthermore, the Indiana townspeople represent "the religious nuts [who] in the end ... turn out to be right". Bumpus and Moranville consider them the "secondary heroes" of the episode, right after The Great Mutato himself.
Despite her physical absence from the entry, Cher's presence can be felt throughout the narrative. Negra argues that Cher's "flamboyant and self-authored body" is used as a metaphor for "the possibility of self-transformation". In addition, her voice, heard via songs like "Walking in Memphis", is associated with the idea of "circumvent[ing] patriarchy." Negra notes that Cher's music is used in scenes during The Great Mutato's sexual encounters with women. Negra asserts that "this juxtaposition of sound and image cues our perception that we have entered the realm of carnival where the normal order of things is inverted." Todd VanDerWerff of reasons that the ending was not the actual conclusion of the episode, but rather the fanciful and elaborate happy ending that was concocted by Izzy Berkowitz, the writer of the comic book, after talking to Mulder. In this manner, VanDerWeff notes, "the episode abandons logic and reality and, for lack of a better word, transcends." Meghan Deans from postulates that the entire episode never happened "[f]rom a canonical perspective" due to the entry's comic book setting, the various meta-references and the "happy ending".
පිළිගැනීම
Ratings
"The Post-Modern Prometheus" was first broadcast in the United States on November 30, 1997, on the network, and was first broadcast in the United Kingdom on March 29, 1998, on . The episode earned a of 11.5, with a 16 share, meaning that roughly 11.5 percent of all television-equipped households and 16 percent of households watching television were tuned in. Nielsen ratings are systems that determine the audience size and composition of in the United States. It was viewed by 18.68 million viewers. "The Post-Modern Prometheus" was the eleventh most watched television program for the week ending November 30.
Reviews
"The Post-Modern Prometheus" received generally positive reviews from critics. Mike Duffy, a correspondent, wrote a largely positive article on the episode, noting that although the episode was special, this did not make it feel like a gimmick. He wrote, "when most shows blow promotional smoke about 'a very special episode,' it's best to check the Hollywood Hype-O-Meter for wretched, excessive buzzing [but] what sounds like a gimmick—'a very special black-and-white episode' loosely based on the horror movie classic Frankenstein actually turns out to be a ripping good ride on 'X-Files' creator Chris Carter's wigged-out storytelling train." A review from the wrote that "Like the very best X-Files episodes, this one combines a generous amount of humor with its horror." In a review of the entire fifth season, Michael Sauter of said that "The Post-Modern Prometheus" was the "most striking" of the season's stand-alone episodes. Todd VanDerWerff awarded the episode with an "A" grade, and, despite noting the silliness of the story and the fact that most of the characters function as stereotypes, wrote that "'Prometheus' just works". In a 2000 review of season five for the , Francis Dass called "The Post-Modern Prometheus" a "fun episode".
Lionel Green of the Sand Mountain Reporter named the entry the greatest episode of the series and called the ending "one of the most uplifting finales in the series." Writing for the , Eric Mink gave the episode a rating of four stars and praised it as an outstanding episode in a weak early fifth season of the show. He said that the two leads acted flawlessly and that Chris Owens' performance as The Great Mutato was especially touching. He concluded that, "[w]ith Shelley's classic as inspiration, Carter and company have created a classic of their own." Elaine Linere from the called the episode "brilliantly written" and named it "a classic among many for this always-intriguing, ever-inventive series." She particularly praised the "heart-tugging, romantic" ending. Matthew Gilbert of called the episode "a memorable X-Files from start to finish", due in part to its "extraordinary visual flair" and "atmospheric black and white" footage. Furthermore, Gilbert positively critiqued Carter's writing and directing, saying he "keeps his balance between drama, low-key humor, [and] allusive wit". Margaret Lyons of called the entry "one of the great TV episodes of all time". Nick De Semlyen and James White of named it the fifth "greatest" episode of the series and wrote that "[Chris Carter] plays with style and form, turning the entire episode into a loving homage to Universal monster movies in general and James Whale's 1931 Frankenstein in particular". In the 1999 Marathon, containing fan-selected episodes, "The Post-Modern Prometheus" was presented as the "Best Stand-Alone Episode". Connie Ogle from named The Great Mutato one of "the greatest monsters" that were featured on The X-Files.
and , in their book Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen, rated the episode two stars out of five and criticized various elements of the episode's direction. They wrote, "Chris Carter the writer has come up with something playful and light and charming. And Chris Carter the director has stamped all over it and made it so arch and obvious and dull that it kills it stone dead." Shearman and Pearson praised the idea of "a town which feels like an X-Files audience", but derided the episode's comic book setting and wrote that "this play on post-modernism just doesn't make any sense [in that format, because] a comic has action, a way of jumping from frame to frame ... this is languorous and self-indulgent." Paula Vitaris from gave the episode a moderately negative review and awarded it one-and-a-half stars out of four. She wrote that the episode "falls flatter than the chemical pancakes used to anesthetize the victims of this episode" due to its "collection of situations and observances that bear little relation to each other." Vitaris also criticized the scene wherein various characters are compared to animals, and commented, "the mean spiritedness of [the plot] is mind-boggling". Finally, she called the episode's conclusion a "false ending".
Awards
The episode was nominated for seven awards at the by the , including Outstanding Directing and Outstanding Writing for Chris Carter. Graeme Murray, Greg Loewen and Shirley Inget won the award for Outstanding Art Direction. Carter was also nominated for an award for Outstanding Directing by the .
සටහන්
- Outstanding Writing, Outstanding Directing, Outstanding Art Direction, Outstanding Cinematography, Outstanding Single-Picture Editing, Outstanding Makeup, Outstanding Music Composition, and Outstanding Art Direction.
පාදක සටහන්
- . XFiles.com. Fox Broadcasting Company. 30 November 1997. 23 November 2001 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 28 August 2012.
{{}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|work=() - "The X-Files, Season 5". . Apple. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 28 August 2012.
- Meisler (1999), pp. 72–84.
- VanDerWerff, Todd (16 April 2011). "'The Post-Modern Prometheus'/'A Single Blade of Grass' | TV Club | TV". . . සම්ප්‍රවේශය 18 February 2012.
- Deans, Meghan (23 August 2012). "Reopening The X-Files – 'The Post-Modern Prometheus'". Tor.com. . සම්ප්‍රවේශය 28 August 2012.
{{}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|work=() - et al. (1999). The Truth Behind Season 5 (DVD). : .
{{}}: CS1 maint: location () - Meisler (1999), pp. 84–85.
- (2005). Audio Commentary for "The Post-Modern Prometheus" (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete Fifth Season: .
{{}}: CS1 maint: location () - Koven (2010), p. 339.
- Negra (2001), p. 177.
- Hurwitz and Knowles (2008), p. 119.
- Meisler (2000), pp. 18–19.
- Carter, Bill (19 November 1997). "TV Notes; 'X-Files' Tries Frankenstein". . . සම්ප්‍රවේශය 11 June 2010.
- Fischer, Dennis (October 1998). "The Great Lindala". . 31 (7/8): 39.
- Gilbert, Matthew (29 November 1997). . . . 28 March 2015 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 1 September 2012.(subscription required)
- "Definition of postmodernism". Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 1 September 2012.
- Koven (2010), p. 341.
- Lacy (2004), p. 63.
- Badley (2000), pp. 82–84.
- Bumpus and Moranville (2005), p. 112.
- Negra (2001), p. 176.
- CornellCornell et al (1998), p. 390
- Meisler (1999), p. 284.
- "Prime-Time Ratings". . . 3 December 1997. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 20 March 2012.
- Duffy, Mike (29 November 1997). "Special 'X-Files' Episode Just That". . . pp. A8. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 20 March 2012.
- "'X-Files' Spoofs Horror Classics". . . 30 November 1997. p. 8. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 20 March 2012.
- Sauter, Michael (14 May 2002). . . 7 June 2011 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 11 June 2010.
- Dass, Francis (20 April 2000). "A Late 'X-Files' Collection". . . සම්ප්‍රවේශය 29 July 2010.
- Green, Lionel (22 July 2008). "'The X-Files' Was a Rare Magic". Sand Mountain Reporter. . සම්ප්‍රවේශය 1 September 2012.(subscription required)
- Mink, Eric (27 November 1997). "'X-Files' is Still a Monster". . . සම්ප්‍රවේශය 11 June 2010.
- Liner, Elaine (29 November 1997). "'X-Files' Marks the Spot Once Again – Tale of Alien Encounter Proves Show's Classiness". . . සම්ප්‍රවේශය 20 March 2012.
- Lyons, Margaret (30 July 2012). "Breaking Bad's Biggest X-Files Allusion Yet". . New York Media, LLC. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 29 August 2012.
- Semlyen, Nick De; White, James (October 2013). . . . November 14, 2013 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී.
- The X-Files Thanksgiving Marathon (November 25, 1999) (TV). .
- Ogle, Connie (25 July 2008). "The X-Factor: As 'I Want to Believe' Hits Theaters, We Look Back at 'The X-Files' Greatest Monsters". . . සම්ප්‍රවේශය 1 September 2012.(subscription required)
- Shearman and Pearson (2009), pp. 128–129.
- Vitaris, Paula (October 1998). "Fifth Season Episode Guide". . 30 (7/8): 29–50.
- Meisler (1999), p. 282.
ආශ්‍රේයයන්
- Badley, Linda (2000). "Scully Hits the Glass Ceiling: Postmodernism, Postfeminism, Posthumanism and The X-Files". In Helford, Elyce Rae (ed.). Fantasy Girls: Gender in the New Universe of Science Fiction and Fantasy Television. Lanham: . ISBN .
{{}}: CS1 maint: postscript () - Bumpus, Eric; Moranville, Tim (2005). Cease Fire, The War Is Over!. Xulon Press. ISBN .
{{}}: CS1 maint: postscript () - Cornell, Paul; Day, Martin, Topping, Keith (1998). X-Treme Possibilities. Virgin Publications, Ltd. ISBN .
{{}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list () CS1 maint: postscript () - Hurwitz, Matt; Knowles, Chris (2008). The Complete X-Files: Behind the Series the Myths and the Movies. New York, US: Insight Editions. ISBN .
- Koven, Mikel J. (2010). "The X-Files". In Lavery, David (ed.). The Essential Cult TV Reader. Lexington: . ISBN .
{{}}: CS1 maint: postscript () - Lacy, Cherilyn (2004). "Women and Mad Science: Women as Witnesses to the Scientific Re-Creation of Humanity". In Bartter, Martha A. (ed.). The Utopian Fantastic: Selected Essays From the Twentieth International Conference on the Fantastic in the Arts. Westport: . ISBN .
{{}}: CS1 maint: postscript () - Meisler, Andy (2000). The End and the Beginning: The Official Guide to the X-Files Season 6. HarperCollins. ISBN .
- Meisler, Andy (1999). Resist or Serve: The Official Guide to The X-Files, Vol. 4. London: . ISBN .
{{}}: CS1 maint: postscript () - Negra, Diane (2001). Off-White Hollywood: American Culture and Ethnic Female Stardom. London: . ISBN .
{{}}: CS1 maint: postscript () - Shearman, Robert; Pearson, Lars (2009). Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen. Mad Norwegian Press. ISBN .
{{}}: CS1 maint: postscript ()
බාහිර සබැඳි
- සඳහා XFiles.com හි ඇති තොරතුරු
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- "ද පෝස්ට්-මොඩර්න් ප්‍රොමිතියස්" සඳහා හි ඇති තොරතුරු
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ද ප ස ට ම ඩර න ප ර ම ත යස ස හල පශ ච ත න තන ප ර ම ත යස යන ව න හ ඳ න ව න න ඇමර ක න ර පව හ න කත ම ල වක වන ද එක ස ෆය ල ස හ පස වන කථ ව රය පස වන කථ ගයය ම හ ම ල ව ක ශය 1997 න ව ම බර 30 ද න ෆ ක ස ර පව හ න ජ ලය ඔස ස ස ද ව ය කත ම ල ව න ර ම ත ව ස න රචන සහ අධ යක ෂණය කළ ද ප ස ට ම ඩර න ප ර ම ත යස යන සත ය ර ක ෂය වර ගය කථ ගයක එනම ස ව ධ න කථප වතක වන ම ය හ සම බන ධ න ව වක ම ල ව ක ශය ද ම ම ල යන 18 68ක ප ර සක න රඹ ද ප ස ට ම ඩර න ප ර ම ත යස 11 5ක හ ම කරගත ත ය සම ම න උළ ල ද සම ම න හතක සඳහ න ර ද ශ ව ම ම කථ ගය එක සම ම නයක හ ම කරගත ත ය ම ය සමස තයක ල ස ධන ත මක ප රත ච ර ල බ ය ඇත ම ව ච රකයන එය සම භ ව ය ක ත යක ය ය නම කරද ද තවක ක එය ව ඩසටහන පස වන කථ ව රය වඩ ත ම ව ස මය දනවන තන කථ ගය ය ය ප වස හ ද ප ස ට ම ඩර න ප ර ම ත යස ද එක ස ෆය ල ස කථ ගයස කල වම සහ ම ල ඩර දක ණ ව ස න ද ග ර ට ම ට ට ම ද ච ර ප රස ගයක ව ත ර ග න යන අය ර ම ම කථ ගය කළ ස ද වර ණය න ර ගත ක ර ණ එය 1931 ච ත රපට ශ ල ය ස හ ගන වය කථ ග අ කථ ව රය 5 කථ ගය 5අධ යක ෂණය කළ රචන කළ ක ර ස ක ටර න ෂ ප දන ක තය5X06ම ල ත රගත ද නයන ව ම බර 30 1997ධ වන ක ලයම න ත ත 46ආර ධ ත නළ ට ර ස බ ල ච ර ල ස ල ය ඩ බ ර මහල ප ල ඩ ර ල ස ස ට වර ට ග ල ඉස බර ක ව ට ස ල ස ක ර ස ජ ය ක ල ට බ ගර ල ස ඩ න ග ර හ ම ව ර ත ක ර ණ ය ල ස ජ න ය ව ස හ මල ඉස ග ම ත ර ල ස ද ව න ත ම න ස ල ස ව ට ල ක රව ච න ක ජ ජ ල ස ආච ර ය ෆ ර න ස ස ප ල ඩ ර ල ස ද ග ර ට ම ට ට ල ස ස න ත ර ඩ ල ව ටර වර ය ල ස ම ර යම ස ම ත එල සබ ත ප ල ඩ ර ල ස ඔහ ල සම ප ට ට යර ස ෂ න බර ක ව ට ස ල ස ජ න ය ව ස හ මල බ ටල ක ල ල ල සකථ ග ක ල න ක රමය ප ර ඊළඟ ක ර ස මස ක ර ල කථ ව ග ත ඇත ත එක ස ෆය ල න ම ත අස ව භ ව ක ස ද ධ න සම බන ධය න ව මර ශනය කරන එෆ බ අය ව ශ ෂ න ය ජ ත ෆ ක ස ම ල ඩර සහ ඩ න ස කල ග ල යන ඇන ඩර සන වට ය ම ල ඩර ම ම ප රස ව භ ව ක ස ද ව ම ප ළ බඳ ව ශ ව ස කරන නක වන අතර ස ශයව ද ස කල ව ම ල න පත ක ට ත බ ණ ඔහ ග බ ර හ ළ දරව ක ර මටය ම ම කථ ගය ද ම ල ඩර සහ ස කල ම ද ව ය ක න ත වක ග බ ග න ව ය ය ය ප වස න අද භ ත ජ ව යක ප ළ බඳ ව මර ශනය කරත එහ ද ඔව න අන වරණය කරගන න ද ග ර ට ම ට ට ය ය නම කළ එම ර ක ෂය ස බ ව න ම ආක රය ව ද යවරයක ග ජ නමය න ර ම ණයක බවය ම ල න ප රත ක ෂ ප ව ව ද පස ව ජනය ද ග ර ට ම ට ට ව ප ළ ගන ත Carter s story draws heavily on s and particularly on s 1931 of the story The script had been written specifically with singer and actress in mind but both were unavailable at the time of shooting Talk show host appeared as himself and who appeared in later episodes as FBI agent played The Great Mutato The episode was filmed in black and white with a sky backdrop created to imitate the style of old Frankenstein films Owens wore makeup and prosthetics that took several hours to apply PlotThe episode begins in the guise of a special agent receives a letter from Shaineh Berkowitz Pattie Tierce a single mother who claims to have been mysteriously impregnated while unconscious by an unknown presence 18 years ago resulting in the birth of her son Izzy Stewart Gale Now following a similarly unexplained attack she is pregnant again She has heard about Mulder s expertise in the paranormal from and wants him to investigate Mulder and his partner special agent travel to rural They meet Shaineh and her son Izzy and learn that the description of the creature that attacked her with a lumpy head and two mouths is very similar to a comic book character invented by Izzy His monstrous creation called The Great Mutato is inspired by a mysterious creature that has been seen by many of the locals Izzy and his friends take the agents to a wooded area where they see Mutato from a distance They meet an old man who angrily tells them that there are no monsters and sends them to see his son a geneticist named Francis Pollidori Dr Pollidori shows them his experiments studying the using the fruit fly This presentation includes images of a fly with legs growing out of its mouth He tells the agents that the same kind of experiment could in theory be performed on humans Afterward Mulder tells Scully that he believes that Dr Pollidori acting as a modern day has created The Great Mutato Later Dr Pollidori s wife Elizabeth Miriam Smith is knocked unconscious and is attacked in the same manner as Shaineh At the crime scene Mulder and Scully find a chemical residue from an agricultural agent used to anesthetize animals which leads them to suspect Dr Pollidori s father who is a farmer Dr Pollidori comes to his father s house angrily confronts him and murders him Later Mutato who lives with Pollidori Sr finds his dead body and tearfully buries it in a barn Mulder and Scully go looking for Pollidori Sr and find a shallow grave and photographs of the dead man with Mutato Meanwhile Dr Pollidori leads an angry mob of townspeople to his father s house demanding that Mulder and Scully turn the alleged murderer over to them The agents find Mutato hiding in the basement as the crowd gathers upstairs Someone accidentally sets the barn alight and in the ensuing confusion the mob realize that the agents are protecting the monster in the basement Mutato speaks to the crowd and explains that he was created 25 years before and that he is the result of a genetic experiment by Dr Pollidori Unbeknownst to his son Pollidori Sr rescued Mutato and cared for him but was unable to provide a friend or a mate for the boy The old man attempted to emulate his scientist son s experiments and tried to create hybrids from his farm animals Mutato asks Dr Pollidori to create a female companion for him but the scientist says that he cannot that Mutato was a mistake The townspeople realize that The Great Mutato is not a monster after all and Dr Pollidori is arrested for the murder of his father Mulder feels that it is unjust for Mutato not to get a mate and so he demands to see the writer Izzy In a fanciful if not imagined scene Mulder and Scully take matters into their own hands and take Mutato along with the townspeople to a concert The episode ends with a shot of Mulder and Scully dancing which slowly turns back into the comic book seen at the beginning of the episode ProductionConception The episode was heavily inspired by s novel Going into the fifth season of The X Files series creator noted we knew we were going to be hitting these very dramatic marks which were the mythology episodes and we wanted to lighten or leaven the season with quirky episodes Carter wanted to write a inspired episode but found it difficult to reconcile s unbelievable tale with the style of the show To achieve his vision he wrote a script that blurred the real world with the X Files reality and that had a distinct fantasy element Carter combined elements of the original story with fairy tales and elements of folk tales In order to make the episode as moving as possible Carter sought to echo elements of s of Frankenstein He later noted that by using modern science I took an old style which is black and white and an old approach which is a kind of James Whale approach to science fiction and came up with a story about a love lorn monster The idea for the genetic engineering story was developed with the help of the series science adviser Carter visited a friend of Simon a scientist at in who had been able to genetically manipulate flies so that they grew legs from their eyes After Carter had created the character of The Great Mutato he discovered that cartoonist had already created a character with the same name although with different pronunciation for entry of Carter contacted Groening who gave Carter permission to use the name Like two thirds of the episodes of the series The Post Modern Prometheus is a Monster of the Week episode a stand alone plot which is unconnected to the of The X Files නළ වරණය ම ම කථ ගය ද ක ම න පස ව ග ය ක ච ර ම හ පස බ ම චර තය ප රත ක ෂ ප ක ර ම ප ළ බඳ පස ත ව ල ව ව ය s music plays a role in The Post Modern Prometheus Chris Carter having written the episode after spending a summer listening to Cher records and developing a fixation on the singer Carter knew that Cher s half sister was a major X Files fan and Carter learned through LaPiere that Cher herself was intrigued by the show and would be interested in making an X Files guest appearance star also expressed an interest in guesting on The X Files and Carter wrote the part of Shaineh Berkowitz specifically for her Barr however was unavailable at the time of shooting her projected role was filled by while Cher passed on the proffered performing as herself a decision for which she later expressed regret I wanted them to ask me to come on and act then they just wanted me to come on and sing Just to come on and be myself wasn t anything I d want to do until I saw the finished episode Had I foreseen the quality of it I would have done it in a heartbeat Cher did authorize the use of three of her tracks on the episode s soundtrack including heard at the episode s conclusion while ostensibly performed onstage by celebrity impersonator filmed in longshot or from the back or overheard as Cher Although Bell was credited for the role Cher s fans responded to the episode s premiere with online speculation as to whether the singer had appeared in the episode Tabloid talk show host appeared as himself These casting choices went against a long standing tradition on The X Files of only casting actors who were not well known regular had auditioned for several roles on the show but Carter had not previously thought of him as an X Files actor For the part of Dr Pollidori however Carter considered him the absolute perfect casting choice Stewart Gale who played Izzy Berkowitz was a non actor who was sitting on the back of a truck when Carter passed Carter convinced Gale s father who was initially suspicious of the director s credentials to let Gale travel to Vancouver to take part in the episode The characters of Izzy s friends were also played by inexperienced actors One was a snake handler on the set of the shooting of which overlapped that of season five and the other worked at a Vancouver coffee shop that Carter frequented The Great Mutato was played by Chris Owens unrecognizable in heavy makeup Owens had played a younger version of in two episodes of and was later cast as the recurring character of FBI special agent During his audition Owens noted Chris said Okay did you ever see Elephant Man What I m looking for is dignity He s got dignity But he s definitely mutated After Owens heeded Carter s instructions and attempted to bring dignity to the audition Carter requested that he try it again with less autism ර ගත ක ර ම අධ යක ෂක ව ස න කත ගය ර ගත කල භ ව ත කරම න The first five seasons of The X Files including The Post Modern Prometheus were filmed in Vancouver It was the third episode of the program that Carter directed He decided to film the episode in black and white in homage to James Whale which brought more challenges than he expected The director of photography Joel Ransom had to spend longer than usual lighting each scene because of the The stormy skies in the episode added to emulate the atmosphere of old Frankenstein movies were a Carter also used a camera lens throughout the episode which forced the actors to act directly to the camera rather than to each other According to Carter it also enabled him to give scenes in the episode a more surreal staging than was usual for the show The makeup for the character of The Great Mutato was designed and created by special effects supervisor Tony Lindala The Mutato mask went through several design iterations on paper including 10 15 drawings and a color rendition Constructed from latex and containing an articulated second mouth it cost 40 000 and took between five and seven hours to apply In addition to the mask Chris Owens wore contact lenses and dentures Owens later recalled that the makeup had taken seven hours and then I had sat around for three or four And now I was going to sit in the dark and I could only see out of one eye They put a big contact lens in Initial versions of the costume were deemed too human looking and so a newer design was chosen Lindala also created Baby Mutato costumes for the twin infants featured in The Jerry Springer Show scene but the production crew had difficulty keeping the costumes on the children Lindala later said t he little babies kept tearing their hair off we kept gluing it back on Lindala was happy that the episode was filmed in black and white because it helped the prosthetic because it is difficult to work in a foam piece that long and not recognize it as a painted opaque false translucency Lindala later called the filming technique the saving grace of the episode In addition he later submitted his makeup for the episode to the in an attempt to be nominated for an Music and cultural references The episode was scored by series composer and was according to him his best episode score of the fifth season He described the main theme as a very dark macabre insidious sort of nasty waltz The episode s main theme is also greatly inspired by s theme song by Three songs are heard in the versions sung by Cher during the episode and The latter is played at the end of the episode when the agents take The Great Mutato to a Cher concert In the episode the character watches Cher s 1985 movie and derives comfort from the loving relationship between Cher s character and her son who has a disfiguring genetic bone disorder At the end of the episode Mulder and Scully take The Great Mutato from his small town to a Cher concert where she picks him out of the crowd to dance The episode contains several cultural references First the episode s title is a reference to both the subtitle for Shelley s original novel The Modern Prometheus and to the school of thought Postmodernism has been described as a style and concept in the arts architecture and criticism that is characterized by the self conscious use of earlier styles and conventions a mixing of different artistic styles and media and a general distrust of theories Furthermore the Frankenstein like doctor shares the name albeit with a slightly different spelling of Shelley s contemporary who was present at the conception of her novel Several lines in the episode come directly from James Whale s 1931 movie Frankenstein Themes The Post Modern Prometheus is the most obvious reference to Frankenstein made by the series although traces of the story are seen elsewhere in the episode and the episode In addition the series overarching mythology revolves around shadowy leaders who salvage alien spacecraft for their own technological use and create human alien hybrids The episode contains themes relating to motherhood and sexuality According to film studies writer Linda Badley this episode and season four s foreshadow Scully s impending motherhood and her realization in following episodes and that she has been used to create a human alien hybrid Emily Diane Negra in her book Off White Hollywood American Culture and Ethnic Female Stardom points out that while The Great Mutato impregnates both Shaineh Berkowitz and Elizabeth Pollidori without their consent or knowledge it is an oversimplification to label the monster as a rapist because both Berkowitz and Pollidori desire for children through unconventional means Thus Mutato s acts allow for the two women to get what they desperately desire in a moment of magical resolution Eric Bumpus and Tim Moranville in their book Cease Fire the War Is Over propose that the episode and by extension the series as a whole is a rejection of modernity s naturalism and an acceptance of post modernity s mystic supernaturalism The two argue that while in stereotypical great science fiction the monster created usually runs amok in The Post Modern Prometheus the creature is a lovable success Furthermore the Indiana townspeople represent the religious nuts who in the end turn out to be right Bumpus and Moranville consider them the secondary heroes of the episode right after The Great Mutato himself Despite her physical absence from the entry Cher s presence can be felt throughout the narrative Negra argues that Cher s flamboyant and self authored body is used as a metaphor for the possibility of self transformation In addition her voice heard via songs like Walking in Memphis is associated with the idea of circumvent ing patriarchy Negra notes that Cher s music is used in scenes during The Great Mutato s sexual encounters with women Negra asserts that this juxtaposition of sound and image cues our perception that we have entered the realm of carnival where the normal order of things is inverted Todd VanDerWerff of reasons that the ending was not the actual conclusion of the episode but rather the fanciful and elaborate happy ending that was concocted by Izzy Berkowitz the writer of the comic book after talking to Mulder In this manner VanDerWeff notes the episode abandons logic and reality and for lack of a better word transcends Meghan Deans from postulates that the entire episode never happened f rom a canonical perspective due to the entry s comic book setting the various meta references and the happy ending ප ළ ග න මwas nominated for both and at the Ratings The Post Modern Prometheus was first broadcast in the United States on November 30 1997 on the network and was first broadcast in the United Kingdom on March 29 1998 on The episode earned a of 11 5 with a 16 share meaning that roughly 11 5 percent of all television equipped households and 16 percent of households watching television were tuned in Nielsen ratings are systems that determine the audience size and composition of in the United States It was viewed by 18 68 million viewers The Post Modern Prometheus was the eleventh most watched television program for the week ending November 30 Reviews The Post Modern Prometheus received generally positive reviews from critics Mike Duffy a correspondent wrote a largely positive article on the episode noting that although the episode was special this did not make it feel like a gimmick He wrote when most shows blow promotional smoke about a very special episode it s best to check the Hollywood Hype O Meter for wretched excessive buzzing but what sounds like a gimmick a very special black and white episode loosely based on the horror movie classic Frankenstein actually turns out to be a ripping good ride on X Files creator Chris Carter s wigged out storytelling train A review from the wrote that Like the very best X Files episodes this one combines a generous amount of humor with its horror In a review of the entire fifth season Michael Sauter of said that The Post Modern Prometheus was the most striking of the season s stand alone episodes Todd VanDerWerff awarded the episode with an A grade and despite noting the silliness of the story and the fact that most of the characters function as stereotypes wrote that Prometheus just works In a 2000 review of season five for the Francis Dass called The Post Modern Prometheus a fun episode Lionel Green of the Sand Mountain Reporter named the entry the greatest episode of the series and called the ending one of the most uplifting finales in the series Writing for the Eric Mink gave the episode a rating of four stars and praised it as an outstanding episode in a weak early fifth season of the show He said that the two leads acted flawlessly and that Chris Owens performance as The Great Mutato was especially touching He concluded that w ith Shelley s classic as inspiration Carter and company have created a classic of their own Elaine Linere from the called the episode brilliantly written and named it a classic among many for this always intriguing ever inventive series She particularly praised the heart tugging romantic ending Matthew Gilbert of called the episode a memorable X Files from start to finish due in part to its extraordinary visual flair and atmospheric black and white footage Furthermore Gilbert positively critiqued Carter s writing and directing saying he keeps his balance between drama low key humor and allusive wit Margaret Lyons of called the entry one of the great TV episodes of all time Nick De Semlyen and James White of named it the fifth greatest episode of the series and wrote that Chris Carter plays with style and form turning the entire episode into a loving homage to Universal monster movies in general and James Whale s 1931 Frankenstein in particular In the 1999 Marathon containing fan selected episodes The Post Modern Prometheus was presented as the Best Stand Alone Episode Connie Ogle from named The Great Mutato one of the greatest monsters that were featured on The X Files and in their book Wanting to Believe A Critical Guide to The X Files Millennium amp The Lone Gunmen rated the episode two stars out of five and criticized various elements of the episode s direction They wrote Chris Carter the writer has come up with something playful and light and charming And Chris Carter the director has stamped all over it and made it so arch and obvious and dull that it kills it stone dead Shearman and Pearson praised the idea of a town which feels like an X Files audience but derided the episode s comic book setting and wrote that this play on post modernism just doesn t make any sense in that format because a comic has action a way of jumping from frame to frame this is languorous and self indulgent Paula Vitaris from gave the episode a moderately negative review and awarded it one and a half stars out of four She wrote that the episode falls flatter than the chemical pancakes used to anesthetize the victims of this episode due to its collection of situations and observances that bear little relation to each other Vitaris also criticized the scene wherein various characters are compared to animals and commented the mean spiritedness of the plot is mind boggling Finally she called the episode s conclusion a false ending Awards The episode was nominated for seven awards at the by the including Outstanding Directing and Outstanding Writing for Chris Carter Graeme Murray Greg Loewen and Shirley Inget won the award for Outstanding Art Direction Carter was also nominated for an award for Outstanding Directing by the සටහන Outstanding Writing Outstanding Directing Outstanding Art Direction Outstanding Cinematography Outstanding Single Picture Editing Outstanding Makeup Outstanding Music Composition and Outstanding Art Direction ප දක සටහන XFiles com Fox Broadcasting Company 30 November 1997 23 November 2001 ද න ම ල ප ටපත ව ත න ස රක ෂණය කරන ලද සම ප රව ශය 28 August 2012 a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite web class mw redirect title ස ක ල ල Cite web cite web a Italic or bold markup not allowed in work help The X Files Season 5 Apple සම ප රව ශය 28 August 2012 Meisler 1999 pp 72 84 VanDerWerff Todd 16 April 2011 The Post Modern Prometheus A Single Blade of Grass TV Club TV සම ප රව ශය 18 February 2012 Deans Meghan 23 August 2012 Reopening The X Files The Post Modern Prometheus Tor com සම ප රව ශය 28 August 2012 a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite web class mw redirect title ස ක ල ල Cite web cite web a Italic or bold markup not allowed in work help et al 1999 The Truth Behind Season 5 DVD a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite AV media title ස ක ල ල Cite AV media cite AV media a CS1 maint location link Meisler 1999 pp 84 85 2005 Audio Commentary for The Post Modern Prometheus DVD The X Files The Complete Fifth Season a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite AV media title ස ක ල ල Cite AV media cite AV media a CS1 maint location link Koven 2010 p 339 Negra 2001 p 177 Hurwitz and Knowles 2008 p 119 Meisler 2000 pp 18 19 Carter Bill 19 November 1997 TV Notes X Files Tries Frankenstein සම ප රව ශය 11 June 2010 Fischer Dennis October 1998 The Great Lindala 31 7 8 39 Gilbert Matthew 29 November 1997 28 March 2015 ද න ම ල ප ටපත ව ත න ස රක ෂණය කරන ලද සම ප රව ශය 1 September 2012 subscription required Definition of postmodernism Oxford English Dictionary Oxford University Press සම ප රව ශය 1 September 2012 Koven 2010 p 341 Lacy 2004 p 63 Badley 2000 pp 82 84 Bumpus and Moranville 2005 p 112 Negra 2001 p 176 CornellCornell et al 1998 p 390 Meisler 1999 p 284 Prime Time Ratings 3 December 1997 සම ප රව ශය 20 March 2012 Duffy Mike 29 November 1997 Special X Files Episode Just That pp A8 සම ප රව ශය 20 March 2012 X Files Spoofs Horror Classics 30 November 1997 p 8 සම ප රව ශය 20 March 2012 Sauter Michael 14 May 2002 7 June 2011 ද න ම ල ප ටපත ව ත න ස රක ෂණය කරන ලද සම ප රව ශය 11 June 2010 Dass Francis 20 April 2000 A Late X Files Collection සම ප රව ශය 29 July 2010 Green Lionel 22 July 2008 The X Files Was a Rare Magic Sand Mountain Reporter සම ප රව ශය 1 September 2012 subscription required Mink Eric 27 November 1997 X Files is Still a Monster සම ප රව ශය 11 June 2010 Liner Elaine 29 November 1997 X Files Marks the Spot Once Again Tale of Alien Encounter Proves Show s Classiness සම ප රව ශය 20 March 2012 Lyons Margaret 30 July 2012 Breaking Bad s Biggest X Files Allusion Yet New York Media LLC සම ප රව ශය 29 August 2012 Semlyen Nick De White James October 2013 November 14 2013 ද න ම ල ප ටපත ව ත න ස රක ෂණය කරන ලද The X Files Thanksgiving Marathon November 25 1999 TV Ogle Connie 25 July 2008 The X Factor As I Want to Believe Hits Theaters We Look Back at The X Files Greatest Monsters සම ප රව ශය 1 September 2012 subscription required Shearman and Pearson 2009 pp 128 129 Vitaris Paula October 1998 Fifth Season Episode Guide 30 7 8 29 50 Meisler 1999 p 282 ආශ ර යයන Badley Linda 2000 Scully Hits the Glass Ceiling Postmodernism Postfeminism Posthumanism and The X Files In Helford Elyce Rae ed Fantasy Girls Gender in the New Universe of Science Fiction and Fantasy Television Lanham ISBN 9780847698356 a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite book class mw redirect title ස ක ල ල Cite book cite book a CS1 maint postscript link Bumpus Eric Moranville Tim 2005 Cease Fire The War Is Over Xulon Press ISBN 9781597815826 a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite book class mw redirect title ස ක ල ල Cite book cite book a CS1 maint postscript link Cornell Paul Day Martin Topping Keith 1998 X Treme Possibilities Virgin Publications Ltd ISBN 9780753502280 a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite book class mw redirect title ස ක ල ල Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link CS1 maint postscript link Hurwitz Matt Knowles Chris 2008 The Complete X Files Behind the Series the Myths and the Movies New York US Insight Editions ISBN 9781933784724 Koven Mikel J 2010 The X Files In Lavery David ed The Essential Cult TV Reader Lexington ISBN 9780813125688 a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite book class mw redirect title ස ක ල ල Cite book cite book a CS1 maint postscript link Lacy Cherilyn 2004 Women and Mad Science Women as Witnesses to the Scientific Re Creation of Humanity In Bartter Martha A ed The Utopian Fantastic Selected Essays From the Twentieth International Conference on the Fantastic in the Arts Westport ISBN 9780313316357 a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite book class mw redirect title ස ක ල ල Cite book cite book a CS1 maint postscript link Meisler Andy 2000 The End and the Beginning The Official Guide to the X Files Season 6 HarperCollins ISBN 9780061075957 Meisler Andy 1999 Resist or Serve The Official Guide to The X Files Vol 4 London ISBN 9780061073090 a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite book class mw redirect title ස ක ල ල Cite book cite book a CS1 maint postscript link Negra Diane 2001 Off White Hollywood American Culture and Ethnic Female Stardom London ISBN 9780415216784 a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite book class mw redirect title ස ක ල ල Cite book cite book a CS1 maint postscript link Shearman Robert Pearson Lars 2009 Wanting to Believe A Critical Guide to The X Files Millennium amp The Lone Gunmen Mad Norwegian Press ISBN 9780975944691 a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite book class mw redirect title ස ක ල ල Cite book cite book a CS1 maint postscript link බ හ ර සබ ඳ ර පව හ න ය ද ව රය ව ක උද ධ ත සත ව පහත ත ම ව සම බන ධය න උද ධ ත එකත වක ඇත ද එක ස ෆය ල ස සඳහ XFiles com හ ඇත ත රත ර ද ප ස ට ම ඩර න ප ර ම ත යස සඳහ IMDb හ ඇත ත රත ර ද ප ස ට ම ඩර න ප ර ම ත යස සඳහ හ ඇත ත රත ර