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පෞද්ගලීකරණය (En=Privatization) is the incidence or process of transferring ownership of a business, enterprise, agency or public service from the (the state or government) to the (businesses that operate for a private profit) or to private non-profit organizations. In a broader sense, privatization refers to transfer of any government function to the private sector - including governmental functions like revenue collection and law enforcement.
කරුණාකර මෙම ලිපිය සිංහල භාෂාවට පරිවර්තනය කිරීමෙන් දායකවන්න.
පෞද්ගලීකරණය යනු ව්‍යාපාරයක, ව්‍යවසායක, නියෝජිතායතනයක හෝ රාජ්‍ය සේවයක අයිතිය රාජ්‍ය අංශයෙන් (රාජ්‍ය හෝ රජය) පුද්ගලික අංශයට (පුද්ගලික ලාභයක් සඳහා ක්‍රියාත්මක වන ව්‍යාපාර) හෝ පුද්ගලික ලාභ නොලබන සංවිධාන වෙත පැවරීමේ සිදුවීම හෝ ක්‍රියාවලියයි. පුළුල් අර්ථයකින්, පුද්ගලීකරනය යනු ආදායම් එකතු කිරීම සහ නීතිය බලාත්මක කිරීම වැනි රාජ්‍ය කාර්යයන් ඇතුළුව - ඕනෑම රජයේ කාර්යයක් පුද්ගලික අංශයට පැවරීමයි.
Notes
- Chowdhury, F. L. ‘’Corrupt Bureaucracy and Privatisation of Tax Enforcement’’, 2006: Pathak Samabesh, Dhaka.
References
- Alexander, Jason. 2009. Contracting Through the Lens of Classical Pragmatism: An Exploration of Local Government Contracting. Applied Research Project. Texas State University. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/288/ 2010-06-21 at the Wayback Machine.
- Dovalina, Jessica. 2006. Assessing the Ethical Issues Found in the Contracting Out Process. Applied Research Project. Texas State University. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/108/ 2010-06-25 at the Wayback Machine.
- Segerfeldt, Fredrik. 2006. Water for sale: how business and the market can resolve the world’s water crisis. Stockholm Network. http://www.stockholm-network.org/downloads/events/d41d8cd9-Amigo%20Segerfeldt.pdf 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
- Bernard Black et al., 'Russian Privatization and Corporate Governance: What Went Wrong? (2000) 52 Stanford Law Review 1731
- Unindexed
- Zullo, Roland. (2009). Does Fiscal Stress Induce Privatization? Correlates of Private and Intermunicipal Contracting, 1992-2002[]. Governance 22.3 (July): 459-481.
- Kosar, Kevin R. (2006), "Privatisation and the Federal Government: An Introduction", Report from the Congressional Research Service
- Bel, Germà (2006), "The coining of `privatisation´and Germany's National Socialist Party", Journal of Economic Perspectives 20(3), 187-194
- Clarke, Thomas (ed.) (1994) "International Privatisation: Strategies and Practices" Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter,
- Clarke, Thomas and Pitelis, Christos (eds.) (1995) "The Political Economy of Privatisation" London and New York: Routledge,
- (2002), Economia pubblica rimossa, Milan, Giuffrè
- Mayer, Florian (2006) Vom Niedergang des unternehmerisch tätigen Staates: Privatisierungspolitik in Großbritannien, Frankreich, Italien und Deutschland, VS Verlag, Wiesbaden,
- Megginson and Netter, From state to market: A survey of empirical studies on privatization,
Journal of Economic Literature 39(2), June 2001, 321-89.
- Juliet D’Souza, William L. Megginson (1999), "The Financial and Operating Performance of Privatised Firms during the 1990s" 2005-10-02 at the Wayback Machine, Journal of Finance August 1999
- von Hayek, Friedrich, (1960) The Constitution of Liberty
- Smith, Adam (1994) The Wealth of Nations
- Stiglitz, Joseph Globalization and its Discontents
- David T. Beito, Peter Gordon, and Alexander Tabarrok (editors); foreword by Paul Johnson (2002). The voluntary city: choice, community, and civil society. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press/The Independent Institute. ISBN .
{{}}:|author=has generic name ()CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list () - von Weizsäcker, Ernst, Oran Young, and Matthias Finger (editors): Limits to Privatisation. Earthscan, London 2005
- , 2007. Haiti: Workers Protest Privatizatin Layoffs. Inter Press Service.
- Roger L. Kemp, PhD, "Privatization: The Provision of Public Services by the Private Sector," McFarland & Co., Jefferson, NC, USA; and London, UK., 2007.
External links
- In the Public Interest is a Resource Center on privatization and responsible contracting.
- Reports of the Public Services International Research Unit at the University of Greenwich 2007-07-03 at the Wayback Machine Research database with many articles on the effects of privatisation
විකිපීඩියාව, විකි, සිංහල, පොත, පොත්, පුස්තකාලය, ලිපිය, කියවන්න, බාගන්න, නොමිලේ, නොමිලේ බාගන්න, mp3, වීඩියෝ, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, පින්තූරය, සංගීතය, ගීතය, චිත්‍රපටය, පොත, ක්‍රීඩාව, ක්‍රීඩා., ජංගම දුරකථන, android, ios, apple, ජංගම දුරකථන, samsung, iphone, xiomi, xiaomi, redmi, honor, oppo, nokia, sonya, mi, පීසී, වෙබ්, පරිගණකය
ම ම article අන ථ ල ප යක වන න ව නත ක ස ම ල ප යක ම ය ව ත න බ ඳ න බ ව න කර ණ කර ම ම ල ප යට ආශ ර ත ල ප වල න සබ ඳ එක කරන න ය ජන සඳහ සබ ඳ ස ව ම ම වලම භ ව ත කරන න 2013 ජ න ප ද ගල කරණය En Privatization is the incidence or process of transferring ownership of a business enterprise agency or public service from the the state or government to the businesses that operate for a private profit or to private non profit organizations In a broader sense privatization refers to transfer of any government function to the private sector including governmental functions like revenue collection and law enforcement ම ම ල ප ය පර වර තනය කළ ය ත ය කර ණ කර ම ම ල ප ය ස හල භ ෂ වට පර වර තනය ක ර ම න ද යකවන න ප ද ගල කරණය යන ව ය ප රයක ව යවස යක න ය ජ ත යතනයක හ ර ජ ය ස වයක අය ත ය ර ජ ය අ ශය න ර ජ ය හ රජය ප ද ගල ක අ ශයට ප ද ගල ක ල භයක සඳහ ක ර ය ත මක වන ව ය ප ර හ ප ද ගල ක ල භ න ලබන ස ව ධ න ව ත ප වර ම ස ද ව ම හ ක ර ය වල යය ප ළ ල අර ථයක න ප ද ගල කරනය යන ආද යම එකත ක ර ම සහ න ත ය බල ත මක ක ර ම ව න ර ජ ය ක ර යයන ඇත ළ ව ඕන ම රජය ක ර යයක ප ද ගල ක අ ශයට ප වර මය NotesChowdhury F L Corrupt Bureaucracy and Privatisation of Tax Enforcement 2006 Pathak Samabesh Dhaka ReferencesAlexander Jason 2009 Contracting Through the Lens of Classical Pragmatism An Exploration of Local Government Contracting Applied Research Project Texas State University http ecommons txstate edu arp 288 2010 06 21 at the Wayback Machine Dovalina Jessica 2006 Assessing the Ethical Issues Found in the Contracting Out Process Applied Research Project Texas State University http ecommons txstate edu arp 108 2010 06 25 at the Wayback Machine Segerfeldt Fredrik 2006 Water for sale how business and the market can resolve the world s water crisis Stockholm Network http www stockholm network org downloads events d41d8cd9 Amigo 20Segerfeldt pdf 2011 07 16 at the Wayback Machine Bernard Black et al Russian Privatization and Corporate Governance What Went Wrong 2000 52 Stanford Law Review 1731UnindexedZullo Roland 2009 Does Fiscal Stress Induce Privatization Correlates of Private and Intermunicipal Contracting 1992 2002 permanent dead link Governance 22 3 July 459 481 Kosar Kevin R 2006 Privatisation and the Federal Government An Introduction Report from the Congressional Research Service Bel Germa 2006 The coining of privatisation and Germany s National Socialist Party Journal of Economic Perspectives 20 3 187 194 Clarke Thomas ed 1994 International Privatisation Strategies and Practices Berlin and New York Walter de Gruyter ISBN 3 11 013569 8 Clarke Thomas and Pitelis Christos eds 1995 The Political Economy of Privatisation London and New York Routledge ISBN 0 415 12705 X 2002 Economia pubblica rimossa Milan Giuffre ISBN 88 14 10088 8 Mayer Florian 2006 Vom Niedergang des unternehmerisch tatigen Staates Privatisierungspolitik in Grossbritannien Frankreich Italien und Deutschland VS Verlag Wiesbaden ISBN 3 531 14918 0 Megginson and Netter From state to market A survey of empirical studies on privatization Journal of Economic Literature 39 2 June 2001 321 89 Juliet D Souza William L Megginson 1999 The Financial and Operating Performance of Privatised Firms during the 1990s 2005 10 02 at the Wayback Machine Journal of Finance August 1999 von Hayek Friedrich 1960 The Constitution of Liberty Smith Adam 1994 The Wealth of Nations Stiglitz Joseph Globalization and its Discontents David T Beito Peter Gordon and Alexander Tabarrok editors foreword by Paul Johnson 2002 The voluntary city choice community and civil society Ann Arbor University of Michigan Press The Independent Institute ISBN 0 472 08837 8 a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite book class mw redirect title ස ක ල ල Cite book cite book a author has generic name help CS1 maint multiple names authors list link von Weizsacker Ernst Oran Young and Matthias Finger editors Limits to Privatisation Earthscan London 2005 ISBN 1 84407 177 4 2007 Haiti Workers Protest Privatizatin Layoffs Inter Press Service Roger L Kemp PhD Privatization The Provision of Public Services by the Private Sector McFarland amp Co Jefferson NC USA and London UK 2007 External linksප ද ගල කරණය යන න න දහස ශබ දක ෂය වන ව ක ෂනර ය ද ස ය බලන න In the Public Interest is a Resource Center on privatization and responsible contracting Reports of the Public Services International Research Unit at the University of Greenwich 2007 07 03 at the Wayback Machine Research database with many articles on the effects of privatisation