Azərbaycanca
Беларускі
Dansk
Deutsch
Española
Français
Indonesia
Italiana
日本語
Қазақ
Lietuvos
Nederlands
Português
Русский
සිංහල
แบบไทย
Türkçe
Українська
中國人
United State
Afrikaans
Creative Commons licenses are several copyright licenses that allow the distribution of copyrighted works. The licenses differ by several combinations that condition the terms of distribution. They were initially released on December 16, 2002 by Creative Commons, a U.S. corporation founded in 2001.
As of September, 2010, Creative Commons licenses have been "" to 53 different jurisdictions worldwide, with 8 others under development.
Original licenses
The original set of licenses all grant the "baseline rights", such as the right to distribute the copyrighted work worldwide, without changes, at no charge. The details of each of these licenses depends on the version, and comprises a selection of four conditions:
 | Attribution (by) | Licensees may copy, distribute, display and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only if they give the author or licensor the credits in the manner specified by these. |
 | Noncommercial (nc) | Licensees may copy, distribute, display, and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only for purposes. |
 | No Derivative Works (nd) | Licensees may copy, distribute, display and perform only verbatim copies of the work, not based on it. |
 | (sa) | Licensees may distribute derivative works only under a license identical to the license that governs the original work. (See also .) |
Combinations
Mixing and matching these conditions produces sixteen possible combinations, of which eleven are valid Creative Commons licenses and five are not. Of the five invalid combinations, four include both the "nd" and "sa" clauses, which are mutually exclusive; and one includes none of the clauses. Of the eleven valid combinations, the five that lack the "by" clause have been retired because 98% of licensors requested Attribution, though they do remain available for reference on the website. This leaves six regularly used licenses:
- Attribution alone (by)
- Attribution + Noncommercial (by-nc)
- Attribution + NoDerivatives (by-nd)
- Attribution + ShareAlike (by-sa)
- Attribution + Noncommercial + NoDerivatives (by-nc-nd)
- Attribution + Noncommercial + ShareAlike (by-nc-sa)
For example, the Creative Commons Attribution (BY) license allows one to share and remix (create derivative works), even for commercial use, so long as attribution is given.
Attribution
Since 2004, all current licenses require attribution of the original author. The attribution must be given to "the best of [one's] ability using the information available". Generally this implies the following:
- Include any copyright notices (if applicable). If the work itself contains any copyright notices placed there by the copyright holder, those notices must be left intact, or reproduced in a way that is reasonable to the medium in which the work is being re-published.
- Cite the author's name, screen name, or user ID, etc. If the work is being published on the Internet, it is nice to link that name to the person's profile page, if such a page exists.
- Cite the work's title or name (if applicable), if such a thing exists. If the work is being published on the Internet, it is nice to link the name or title directly to the original work.
- Cite the specific CC license the work is under. If the work is being published on the Internet, it is nice if the license citation links to the license on the CC website.
- Mention if the work is a derivative work or adaptation, in addition to the above, one needs to identify that their work is a derivative work i.e., “This is a Finnish translation of [original work] by [author].” or “Screenplay based on [original work] by [author].”
Applicable works
Work licensed under a Creative Commons License is governed by applicable copyright law. This allows Creative Commons licenses to be applied to all work falling under copyright, including: books, plays, movies, music, articles, photographs, blogs, and websites. Creative Commons does not recommend the use of Creative Commons licenses for software.
However, application of a Creative Commons license may not modify the rights allowed by fair use or fair dealing or exert restrictions which violate copyright exceptions. Furthermore, Creative Commons Licenses are non-exclusive and non-revocable. Any work or copies of the work obtained under a Creative Commons license may continue to be used under that license.
In the case of works protected by multiple Creative Common Licenses, the user may choose either.
Other licenses
A number of additional licenses have been introduced, which are more specialized:
- licenses, with two options:
- Sampling Plus: parts of the work can be copied and modified for any purpose other than advertising, and the entire work can be copied for noncommercial purposes
- Noncommercial Sampling Plus: the whole work or parts of the work can be copied and modified for noncommercial purposes
Retired licenses
Due to either disuse or criticism, a number of previously offered Creative Commons licenses have since been retired, and are no longer recommended for new works. The retired licenses include all licenses lacking the Attribution element other than CC0, as well as two licenses not allowing at least non-commercial verbatim distribution worldwide:
- Sampling: parts of the work can be used for any purpose other than advertising, but the whole work cannot be copied or modified
- DevNations: a license, which only applies to countries deemed by the World Bank as a "non-high-income economy". Full copyright restrictions apply to people in other countries.
Public domain tools
Besides licenses, Creative Commons also offers a way to release material into the public domain through CC0, a legal tool for waiving as many rights as legally possible, worldwide. Development of CC0 began in 2007 and the tool was released in 2009.
In 2010, Creative Commons announced its Public Domain Mark, a tool for labeling works already in the public domain. Together, CC0 and the Public Domain Mark replace the Public Domain Dedication and Certification, which took a U.S.-centric approach and co-mingled distinct operations.
In 2011, added CC0 to its , making CC0 a recommended way of dedicating software to the public domain.
Partial list of projects that release contents under Creative Commons licenses
- (cc-by-sa)
- (mostly cc-by-nc)
- (cc-by-sa)
- (Sampling Plus)
- (cc-by)
- (mostly, cc-by-sa or cc-by-nc-sa)
- (cc-by-sa or cc-by-nc-sa)
- (CC-By and -SA 3.0 without NC, CC0)
- (cc-by-sa, since June 2009)
- (cc-by)
- Wikipedia (cc-by-sa, since June 2009)
- (cc-by-sa)
See also
- Copyright
- Creative Commons
- Free content
- . Images of individuals used for advertising, and sometimes other commercial uses, may need those individuals' consent.
References
- "International". Creative Commons. සම්ප්රවේශය September 9, 2010.
- "Baseline Rights". Creative Commons. June 12, 2008. සම්ප්රවේශය February 22, 2010.
- "Retired Licenses". Creative Commons. සම්ප්රවේශය July 5, 2007.
- Announcing (and explaining) our new 2.0 licenses, http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/4216, ප්රතිෂ්ඨාපනය 2011-05-12
- "Creative Commons Licenses". Creative Commons. සම්ප්රවේශය February 22, 2010.
- "Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 United States". Creative Commons. November 16, 2009. සම්ප්රවේශය February 22, 2010.
- "Frequently Frequently Asked Questions". Creative Commons. February 2, 2010. සම්ප්රවේශය February 22, 2010.
- "Creative Commons Legal Code". Creative Commons. January 9, 2008. සම්ප්රවේශය February 22, 2010.
- Creative Commons FAQ: Can I use a Creative Commons license for software?
- "Sampling Plus 1.0". Creative Commons. November 13, 2009. සම්ප්රවේශය February 22, 2010.
- "Creative Commons — NonCommercial Sampling Plus 1.0". Creative Commons. November 13, 2009. සම්ප්රවේශය February 22, 2010.
- (June 4, 2007). "Retiring standalone DevNations and one Sampling license". Creative Commons. සම්ප්රවේශය July 5, 2007.
- "CC0". Creative Commons. සම්ප්රවේශය February 22, 2010.
- (Press release). Creative Commons. December 17, 2007. February 23, 2010 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය February 22, 2010.
- Baker, Gavin (January 16, 2009). "Report from CC board meeting". Open Access News. සම්ප්රවේශය February 22, 2010.
- Expanding the Public Domain: Part Zero, http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/13304, ප්රතිෂ්ඨාපනය 2011-05-12
- Marking and Tagging the Public Domain: An Invitation to Comment, http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/22940, ප්රතිෂ්ඨාපනය 2011-05-12
- "Copyright-Only Dedication (based on United States law) or Public Domain Certification". Creative Commons. August 20. 2009. සම්ප්රවේශය February 22, 2010.
{{}}: Check date values in:|date=() - "Using CC0 for public domain software". Creative Commons. April 15. 2011. සම්ප්රවේශය May 10, 2011.
{{}}: Check date values in:|date=()
External links
- Official site
- Full selection of licenses 2011-01-06 at the Wayback Machine
- Creative Commons Licenses Compatibility Wizard 2011-05-27 at the Wayback Machine
- Doctoral dissertations published under Creative Commons license 2009-01-16 at the Wayback Machine
- Citizen's guide to using Creative Commons licenses
- A human readable summary of version 2.5 of the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA license. (Retrieved 2010-04-10).
- Legal code of the CC-BY-SA 3.0 License.
විකිපීඩියාව, විකි, සිංහල, පොත, පොත්, පුස්තකාලය, ලිපිය, කියවන්න, බාගන්න, නොමිලේ, නොමිලේ බාගන්න, mp3, වීඩියෝ, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, පින්තූරය, සංගීතය, ගීතය, චිත්රපටය, පොත, ක්රීඩාව, ක්රීඩා., ජංගම දුරකථන, android, ios, apple, ජංගම දුරකථන, samsung, iphone, xiomi, xiaomi, redmi, honor, oppo, nokia, sonya, mi, පීසී, වෙබ්, පරිගණකය
Creative Commons licenses are several copyright licenses that allow the distribution of copyrighted works The licenses differ by several combinations that condition the terms of distribution They were initially released on December 16 2002 by Creative Commons a U S corporation founded in 2001 source source source source track This video explains how Creative Commons licenses can be used in conjunction with commercial licensing arrangements As of September 2010 Creative Commons licenses have been to 53 different jurisdictions worldwide with 8 others under development Original licensesThe original set of licenses all grant the baseline rights such as the right to distribute the copyrighted work worldwide without changes at no charge The details of each of these licenses depends on the version and comprises a selection of four conditions Attribution by Licensees may copy distribute display and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only if they give the author or licensor the credits in the manner specified by these Noncommercial nc Licensees may copy distribute display and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only for purposes No Derivative Works nd Licensees may copy distribute display and perform only verbatim copies of the work not based on it sa Licensees may distribute derivative works only under a license identical to the license that governs the original work See also Combinations Mixing and matching these conditions produces sixteen possible combinations of which eleven are valid Creative Commons licenses and five are not Of the five invalid combinations four include both the nd and sa clauses which are mutually exclusive and one includes none of the clauses Of the eleven valid combinations the five that lack the by clause have been retired because 98 of licensors requested Attribution though they do remain available for reference on the website This leaves six regularly used licenses Attribution alone by Attribution Noncommercial by nc Attribution NoDerivatives by nd Attribution ShareAlike by sa Attribution Noncommercial NoDerivatives by nc nd Attribution Noncommercial ShareAlike by nc sa For example the Creative Commons Attribution BY license allows one to share and remix create derivative works even for commercial use so long as attribution is given AttributionSince 2004 all current licenses require attribution of the original author The attribution must be given to the best of one s ability using the information available Generally this implies the following Include any copyright notices if applicable If the work itself contains any copyright notices placed there by the copyright holder those notices must be left intact or reproduced in a way that is reasonable to the medium in which the work is being re published Cite the author s name screen name or user ID etc If the work is being published on the Internet it is nice to link that name to the person s profile page if such a page exists Cite the work s title or name if applicable if such a thing exists If the work is being published on the Internet it is nice to link the name or title directly to the original work Cite the specific CC license the work is under If the work is being published on the Internet it is nice if the license citation links to the license on the CC website Mention if the work is a derivative work or adaptation in addition to the above one needs to identify that their work is a derivative work i e This is a Finnish translation of original work by author or Screenplay based on original work by author Applicable worksWork licensed under a Creative Commons License is governed by applicable copyright law This allows Creative Commons licenses to be applied to all work falling under copyright including books plays movies music articles photographs blogs and websites Creative Commons does not recommend the use of Creative Commons licenses for software However application of a Creative Commons license may not modify the rights allowed by fair use or fair dealing or exert restrictions which violate copyright exceptions Furthermore Creative Commons Licenses are non exclusive and non revocable Any work or copies of the work obtained under a Creative Commons license may continue to be used under that license In the case of works protected by multiple Creative Common Licenses the user may choose either Other licensesA number of additional licenses have been introduced which are more specialized licenses with two options Sampling Plus parts of the work can be copied and modified for any purpose other than advertising and the entire work can be copied for noncommercial purposes Noncommercial Sampling Plus the whole work or parts of the work can be copied and modified for noncommercial purposesRetired licensesDue to either disuse or criticism a number of previously offered Creative Commons licenses have since been retired and are no longer recommended for new works The retired licenses include all licenses lacking the Attribution element other than CC0 as well as two licenses not allowing at least non commercial verbatim distribution worldwide Sampling parts of the work can be used for any purpose other than advertising but the whole work cannot be copied or modified DevNations a license which only applies to countries deemed by the World Bank as a non high income economy Full copyright restrictions apply to people in other countries Public domain toolsBesides licenses Creative Commons also offers a way to release material into the public domain through CC0 a legal tool for waiving as many rights as legally possible worldwide Development of CC0 began in 2007 and the tool was released in 2009 In 2010 Creative Commons announced its Public Domain Mark a tool for labeling works already in the public domain Together CC0 and the Public Domain Mark replace the Public Domain Dedication and Certification which took a U S centric approach and co mingled distinct operations In 2011 added CC0 to its making CC0 a recommended way of dedicating software to the public domain Partial list of projects that release contents under Creative Commons licenses cc by sa mostly cc by nc cc by sa Sampling Plus cc by mostly cc by sa or cc by nc sa cc by sa or cc by nc sa CC By and SA 3 0 without NC CC0 cc by sa since June 2009 cc by Wikipedia cc by sa since June 2009 cc by sa See alsoFree software ද ව රය Copyright Creative Commons Free content Images of individuals used for advertising and sometimes other commercial uses may need those individuals consent Wikipedia Text of Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 3 0 Unported LicenseReferences International Creative Commons සම ප රව ශය September 9 2010 Baseline Rights Creative Commons June 12 2008 සම ප රව ශය February 22 2010 Retired Licenses Creative Commons සම ප රව ශය July 5 2007 Announcing and explaining our new 2 0 licenses http creativecommons org weblog entry 4216 ප රත ෂ ඨ පනය 2011 05 12 Creative Commons Licenses Creative Commons සම ප රව ශය February 22 2010 Creative Commons Attribution 3 0 United States Creative Commons November 16 2009 සම ප රව ශය February 22 2010 Frequently Frequently Asked Questions Creative Commons February 2 2010 සම ප රව ශය February 22 2010 Creative Commons Legal Code Creative Commons January 9 2008 සම ප රව ශය February 22 2010 Creative Commons FAQ Can I use a Creative Commons license for software Sampling Plus 1 0 Creative Commons November 13 2009 සම ප රව ශය February 22 2010 Creative Commons NonCommercial Sampling Plus 1 0 Creative Commons November 13 2009 සම ප රව ශය February 22 2010 June 4 2007 Retiring standalone DevNations and one Sampling license Creative Commons සම ප රව ශය July 5 2007 CC0 Creative Commons සම ප රව ශය February 22 2010 Press release Creative Commons December 17 2007 February 23 2010 ද න ම ල ප ටපත ව ත න ස රක ෂණය කරන ලද සම ප රව ශය February 22 2010 Baker Gavin January 16 2009 Report from CC board meeting Open Access News සම ප රව ශය February 22 2010 Expanding the Public Domain Part Zero http creativecommons org weblog entry 13304 ප රත ෂ ඨ පනය 2011 05 12 Marking and Tagging the Public Domain An Invitation to Comment http creativecommons org weblog entry 22940 ප රත ෂ ඨ පනය 2011 05 12 Copyright Only Dedication based on United States law or Public Domain Certification Creative Commons August 20 2009 සම ප රව ශය February 22 2010 a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite web class mw redirect title ස ක ල ල Cite web cite web a Check date values in date help Using CC0 for public domain software Creative Commons April 15 2011 සම ප රව ශය May 10 2011 a href wiki E0 B7 83 E0 B7 90 E0 B6 9A E0 B7 92 E0 B6 BD E0 B7 8A E0 B6 BD Cite web class mw redirect title ස ක ල ල Cite web cite web a Check date values in date help External linksන ර ම ණශ ල ප ද බලපත ර හ සබ ඳ ම ධ ය ව ක ම ධ ය ක මන ස හ ඇත ව ක ම ල ශ ර සත ව ම ම ල ප යට අද ල ම ල ප ටපත පවත Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike License Official site Full selection of licenses 2011 01 06 at the Wayback Machine Creative Commons Licenses Compatibility Wizard 2011 05 27 at the Wayback Machine Doctoral dissertations published under Creative Commons license 2009 01 16 at the Wayback Machine Citizen s guide to using Creative Commons licenses A human readable summary of version 2 5 of the Creative Commons CC BY SA license Retrieved 2010 04 10 Legal code of the CC BY SA 3 0 License