ඉලෙක්ට්රොනික සංකේතයක් යනු , විදුලි කෝෂ, ප්රතිරෝධක, සහ ට්රාන්සිස්ටර වැනි නොයෙක් සහ ඉලෙක්ට්රොනික උපාංග වල විද්යුත් හෝ නිරූපණය කිරීම සඳහා භාවිතා කරනු ලබන කි.
සංකේත සඳහා වූ ප්රමිතීන්
are several national and international standards for graphical symbols in circuit diagrams, in particular:
- 60617 (also known as BS 3939)
- standard Y32 (also known as IEEE Std 315)
- Australian Standard AS 1102
Different symbols may be used depending on the discipline using the drawing. For example, lighting and power symbols used as part of architectural drawings may be different from symbols for devices used in electronics. National and local variations to international standards also exist.
Reference designations
A reference designator unambiguously identifies a in an electrical schematic () or on a . The reference designator usually consists of one or two letters followed by a number, e.g. R13, C1002. The number is sometimes followed by a letter, indicating that components are grouped or matched with each other, e.g. R17A, R17B. IEEE 315 contains a list of Class Designation Letters to use for electrical and electronic assemblies. For example, the letter R is a reference prefix for the resistors of an assembly, C for capacitors, K for relays.
IEEE 200-1975 or "Standard Reference Designations for Electrical and Electronics Parts and Equipments" is a standard that was used to define referencing naming systems for collections of electronic equipment. IEEE 200 was ratified in 1975. The IEEE renewed the standard in the 1990s, but withdrew it from active support shortly thereafter. This standard also has an ANSI document number ANSI Y32.16-1975. They are the same document.
This standard codified information from, among other sources, a United States military standard MIL-STD-16 which dates back to at least the 1950s in American industry.
To replace IEEE 200-1975, a standards body for Mechanical Engineers, , initiated the new standard ASME Y14.44-2008.
This standard along with IEEE 315-1975 provide the electrical designer with guidance on how to properly reference and annotate everything from a simple circuit board to a complete enclosure all the way to a collection of these assemblies.
It breaks down a system into units, and then any number of sub-assemblies. The Unit is the highest level of demarcation in a system and is always a numeral. Subsequent demarcation are called assemblies and always have the Class Letter "A" as a prefix following by a sequential number starting with 1. Any number of sub-assemblies may be defined until finally reaching the component.
Especially valuable is the method of referencing and annotating cables plus their connectors within and outside assemblies. Examples:
- 1A1A44J5 - Unit 1, Assembly 1, Sub-Assembly 44, Jack 5 (J5 is a connector on a box referenced as A44)
- 1A1A45J333 - Unit 1, Assembly 1, Sub-Assembly 45, Jack 333 (J333 is a connector on a box referenced as A45)
A cable connecting these two might be:
- 1A1W35 - In the assembly A1 is a cable called W35.
Connectors on this cable would be designated:
- 1A1W35P1
- 1A1W35P2
ASME Y14.44-2008 continues the convention of P and J when assigning references for connectors in electrical assemblies where a J (or ) is the more fixed and P (or plug) is the less fixed of a connector pair without regard to the gender of the connector contacts.
The construction of reference designators is covered by IEEE 200-1975/ANSI Y32.16-1975 (replaced by ASME Y14.44-2008) and IEEE-315-1975. The table below lists designators commonly used, and does not comply with the standard.
Designator | Component Type |
---|---|
AT | |
BR | |
BT | Battery |
C | |
CN | Capacitor network |
D | Diode (including zeners, thyristors and LEDs) |
DL | Delay line |
DS | Display |
F | Fuse |
FB or FEB | Ferrite bead |
FD | Fiducial |
J | Jack connector (female) |
JP | Link (Jumper) |
K | Relay |
L | Inductor |
LS | Loudspeaker or buzzer |
M | Motor |
MK | Microphone |
MP | Mechanical part (including screws and fasteners) |
P | Plug connector (male) |
PS | Power supply |
Q | Transistor (all types) |
R | Resistor |
RN | Resistor network |
RT | Thermistor |
RV | Varistor |
S | Switch (all types, including push-buttons) |
T | Transformer |
TC | Thermocouple |
TUN | Tuner |
TP | Test point |
U | Integrated circuit |
V | Vacuum Tube |
VR | Variable Resistor (potentiometer or rheostat) |
X | Transducer not matching any other category |
Y | Crystal or oscillator |
Z | Zener Diode |
Component name abbreviations widely used in industry:
- AE: aerial, antenna
- B: battery
- BR: bridge rectifier
- C: capacitor
- CRT:cathode ray tube
- D or CR: diode
- DSP:digital signal processor
- F: fuse
- FET:field effect transistor
- GDT: gas discharge tube
- IC: integrated circuit
- J: wire link ("jumper")
- JFET: junction gate field-effect transistor
- L: inductor
- LCD:Liquid crystal display
- LDR: light dependent resistor
- LED: light emitting diode
- LS: speaker
- M: motor
- MCB: circuit breaker
- Mic: microphone
- MOSFET:Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
- Ne: neon lamp
- OP: Operational Amplifier
- PCB: printed circuit board
- PU: pickup
- Q: transistor
- R: resistor
- RLA: RY: relay
- SCR: silicon controlled rectifier
- SW: switch
- T: transformer
- TFT:thin film transistor(display)
- TH: thermistor
- TP: test point
- Tr: transistor
- U: integrated circuit
- V: valve (tube)
- VC: variable capacitor
- VFD: vacuum fluorescent display
- VLSI:very large scale integration
- VR: variable resistor
- X: crystal, ceramic resonator
- XMER: transformer
- XTAL: crystal
- Z or ZD: Zener diode
Gallery of common electronic symbols
ප්රතිරෝධක
- : American (top) and (bottom)
- : American
ධාරිත්රක
-
- Capacitor, polarized (American)
-
ට්රාන්සිස්ටර
ඩයෝඩ (diyoda)
-
-
-
- Schottky diode
-
- Photodiode
- Varicap
රික්ත පාට (Vacuum tubes)
Switches
- , Single Pole/Single Throw (SPST)
- , Single Pole/Double Throw (SPDT)
- Switch, Double Pole/Double Throw (DPDT)
Miscellaneous
- Batteries, single cell, multi-cell
-
- , with center tap
-
- : (top) and American (lower two)
-
See also
References
- Standard Reference Designations for Electrical and Electronics Parts and Equipments: IEEE 200-1975 (Reaffirmed 1988): Section 4.1.5.3 (2). IEEE and ANSI, New York, NY. 1975.
- . ASME, Fairfield, NJ. 2008. 2010-03-13 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 2011-08-09.
- Graphic Symbols for Electrical and Electronics Diagrams (Including Reference Designation Letters): IEEE-315-1975 (Reaffirmed 1993): Section 22. IEEE and ANSI, New York, NY. 1993.
External links
- International standard IEC 60617 DB Graphical symbols for diagrams
- Circuit Symbols of Electronic Components
- Circuit Symbols for all Electronic Components
- List of Circuit Schematic Symbols
- Electrical & Electronic Drawing Symbols
විකිපීඩියාව, විකි, සිංහල, පොත, පොත්, පුස්තකාලය, ලිපිය, කියවන්න, බාගන්න, නොමිලේ, නොමිලේ බාගන්න, mp3, වීඩියෝ, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, පින්තූරය, සංගීතය, ගීතය, චිත්රපටය, පොත, ක්රීඩාව, ක්රීඩා., ජංගම දුරකථන, android, ios, apple, ජංගම දුරකථන, samsung, iphone, xiomi, xiaomi, redmi, honor, oppo, nokia, sonya, mi, පීසී, වෙබ්, පරිගණකය
ම ම article අන ථ ල ප යක වන න ව නත ක ස ම ල ප යක ම ය ව ත න බ ඳ න බ ව න කර ණ කර ම ම ල ප යට ආශ ර ත ල ප වල න සබ ඳ එක කරන න ය ජන සඳහ සබ ඳ ස ව ම ම වලම භ ව ත කරන න 2013 ජ න ඉල ක ට ර න ක ස ක තයක යන ව ද ල ක ෂ ප රත ර ධක සහ ට ර න ස ස ටර ව න න ය ක සහ ඉල ක ට ර න ක උප ග වල ව ද ය ත හ න ර පණය ක ර ම සඳහ භ ව ත කරන ලබන ක Common circuit diagram symbols US symbols ස ක ත සඳහ ව ප රම ත න are several national and international standards for graphical symbols in circuit diagrams in particular 60617 also known as BS 3939 standard Y32 also known as IEEE Std 315 Australian Standard AS 1102 Different symbols may be used depending on the discipline using the drawing For example lighting and power symbols used as part of architectural drawings may be different from symbols for devices used in electronics National and local variations to international standards also exist Reference designationsA reference designator unambiguously identifies a in an electrical schematic or on a The reference designator usually consists of one or two letters followed by a number e g R13 C1002 The number is sometimes followed by a letter indicating that components are grouped or matched with each other e g R17A R17B IEEE 315 contains a list of Class Designation Letters to use for electrical and electronic assemblies For example the letter R is a reference prefix for the resistors of an assembly C for capacitors K for relays IEEE 200 1975 or Standard Reference Designations for Electrical and Electronics Parts and Equipments is a standard that was used to define referencing naming systems for collections of electronic equipment IEEE 200 was ratified in 1975 The IEEE renewed the standard in the 1990s but withdrew it from active support shortly thereafter This standard also has an ANSI document number ANSI Y32 16 1975 They are the same document This standard codified information from among other sources a United States military standard MIL STD 16 which dates back to at least the 1950s in American industry To replace IEEE 200 1975 a standards body for Mechanical Engineers initiated the new standard ASME Y14 44 2008 This standard along with IEEE 315 1975 provide the electrical designer with guidance on how to properly reference and annotate everything from a simple circuit board to a complete enclosure all the way to a collection of these assemblies It breaks down a system into units and then any number of sub assemblies The Unit is the highest level of demarcation in a system and is always a numeral Subsequent demarcation are called assemblies and always have the Class Letter A as a prefix following by a sequential number starting with 1 Any number of sub assemblies may be defined until finally reaching the component Especially valuable is the method of referencing and annotating cables plus their connectors within and outside assemblies Examples 1A1A44J5 Unit 1 Assembly 1 Sub Assembly 44 Jack 5 J5 is a connector on a box referenced as A44 1A1A45J333 Unit 1 Assembly 1 Sub Assembly 45 Jack 333 J333 is a connector on a box referenced as A45 A cable connecting these two might be 1A1W35 In the assembly A1 is a cable called W35 Connectors on this cable would be designated 1A1W35P1 1A1W35P2 ASME Y14 44 2008 continues the convention of P and J when assigning references for connectors in electrical assemblies where a J or is the more fixed and P or plug is the less fixed of a connector pair without regard to the gender of the connector contacts The construction of reference designators is covered by IEEE 200 1975 ANSI Y32 16 1975 replaced by ASME Y14 44 2008 and IEEE 315 1975 The table below lists designators commonly used and does not comply with the standard Designator Component TypeATBRBT BatteryCCN Capacitor networkD Diode including zeners thyristors and LEDs DL Delay lineDS DisplayF FuseFB or FEB Ferrite beadFD FiducialJ Jack connector female JP Link Jumper K RelayL InductorLS Loudspeaker or buzzerM MotorMK MicrophoneMP Mechanical part including screws and fasteners P Plug connector male PS Power supplyQ Transistor all types R ResistorRN Resistor networkRT ThermistorRV VaristorS Switch all types including push buttons T TransformerTC ThermocoupleTUN TunerTP Test pointU Integrated circuitV Vacuum TubeVR Variable Resistor potentiometer or rheostat X Transducer not matching any other categoryY Crystal or oscillatorZ Zener Diode Component name abbreviations widely used in industry AE aerial antenna B battery BR bridge rectifier C capacitor CRT cathode ray tube D or CR diode DSP digital signal processor F fuse FET field effect transistor GDT gas discharge tube IC integrated circuit J wire link jumper JFET junction gate field effect transistor L inductor LCD Liquid crystal display LDR light dependent resistor LED light emitting diode LS speaker M motor MCB circuit breaker Mic microphone MOSFET Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor Ne neon lamp OP Operational Amplifier PCB printed circuit board PU pickup Q transistor R resistor RLA RY relay SCR silicon controlled rectifier SW switch T transformer TFT thin film transistor display TH thermistor TP test point Tr transistor U integrated circuit V valve tube VC variable capacitor VFD vacuum fluorescent display VLSI very large scale integration VR variable resistor X crystal ceramic resonator XMER transformer XTAL crystal Z or ZD Zener diodeGallery of common electronic symbolsප රත ර ධක American top and bottom Americanධ ර ත රක Capacitor polarized American ට ර න ස ස ටර ඩය ඩ diyoda Schottky diode Photodiode Varicapර ක ත ප ට Vacuum tubes Switches Single Pole Single Throw SPST Single Pole Double Throw SPDT Switch Double Pole Double Throw DPDT Miscellaneous Batteries single cell multi cell with center tap top and American lower two See alsoReferencesStandard Reference Designations for Electrical and Electronics Parts and Equipments IEEE 200 1975 Reaffirmed 1988 Section 4 1 5 3 2 IEEE and ANSI New York NY 1975 ASME Fairfield NJ 2008 2010 03 13 ද න ම ල ප ටපත ව ත න ස රක ෂණය කරන ලද සම ප රව ශය 2011 08 09 Graphic Symbols for Electrical and Electronics Diagrams Including Reference Designation Letters IEEE 315 1975 Reaffirmed 1993 Section 22 IEEE and ANSI New York NY 1993 External linksඉල ක ට ර න ක ස ක තය හ සබ ඳ ම ධ ය ව ක ම ධ ය ක මන ස හ ඇත International standard IEC 60617 DB Graphical symbols for diagrams Circuit Symbols of Electronic Components Circuit Symbols for all Electronic Components List of Circuit Schematic Symbols Electrical amp Electronic Drawing Symbols