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ඛණ්ඩාංක: 8°21′00″N 80°23′47″E / 8.35000°N 80.39639°E / 8.35000; 80.39639

Ruwanwelisaya Chedi in the sacred city of අනුරාධපුරය, Sri Lanka.

The Ruwanwelisaya is a in Sri Lanka, considered a marvel for its architectural qualities and sacred to many all over the world. It was built by , who became lord of all Sri Lanka after a war in which the King , was defeated. It is also known as Mahathupa, Swarnamali Chaitya and Rathnamali Dagaba.

The stupa is also one of the Solosmasthana (the 16 places of veneration) and the Atamasthana (the 8 places of veneration in the ancient sacred city of අනුරාධපුරය). The stupa is one of the world's tallest monuments, standing at 300 ft (92 m) and with a circumference of 950 ft (292 m).

Materials

The ancient texts recount the following:

From the bank of the river Gambhīra, situated a yojana (a distance measure) to the north of අනුරාධපුරය bricks were acquired;
From the village Avuruvini, situated three yojanas to the north-east, nuggets of gold were acquired;
From the village Tambapittha, situated seven yojanas to the east, copper were acquired;
From the village Samanveve, situated four yojanas to the south-east, gems were acquired;
From the rock-cave Ridi, situated eight yojanas to the south, silver were acquired;
From the small town Uruvel, situated five yojanas to the west, pearls and corals to the size of myrobalan (nelli) fruits were acquired;
From the village Pelavapi, situated seven yojanas to the north-east, four large gems were acquired.

The full moon day

King Dutugemunu began the work of building the stupa during Vesak, on the full-moon day of the month of Vesakha (April-May), under the constellation of Visakha. In Buddhism this is considered a sacred full-moon day on which numerous events occurred, such as:

The definite declaration by to the ascetic Sumedha Bodhisatta in a past life) that he will become a Buddha;
The birth of Bodhisatta Gotama from heaven in the human world;
His arrival in the city of ;
His performance of the Twin Miracle;
His arrival in Sri Lanka three times;
his passing into ;
the disembarcation of Prince in Sri Lanka
the coronation of the great king

Foundation

On such a full-moon day King Dutugemunu had the inscribed stone pillar that was erected by King , removed;

had the site leveled;
had it dug to a depth of seven cubits;
had round stones spread there by warriors;
and had the stones broken with hammers;
then he had them stamped down by elephants;
fine clay was brought from the by Arahant novices, spread over the layer of stones;
had bricks laid over the fine clay, rough plaster over the bricks, quartz over the rough plaster, a network of iron over the quartz, fragrant clay over the network of iron, white stones over the fragrant clay, rock-crystal over the white stones, and slabs of stones over the rock-crystal.
Then he had mercury, resin of the wood-apple, and fine clay mixed together; had these spread over the slabs of stones; and had bronze sheets eight inches thick laid over these.
He had arsenic and sesame oil mixed together; had these spread over the bronze sheets; and had silver sheets four inches thick laid over these.

When the king had thus built and completed the foundation of the Great Stupa, he arranged that the foundation stone should be laid on the full-moon day of the month of Āâsàëha (June-July).

He then had අනුරාධපුරය decorated like a divine city along with the terrace of the Great Stupa. Ninety-six koñis of Arahants came by from India. On the full-moon day of the month of Āsāëha, under the constellation of Uttarā-sāëha, he laid the foundation-stone of the Great Stūpa and determined: 'Should the work I carry for this Stupa be completed safely, may then the Venerable Arahants Buddharakkhita, Dhammarakkhita, Saïgharakkhita and Ānanda arrive and stand at the four quarters of the Great Stupa's terrace.'

This happened as he determined. The Arahant Indagutta arranged that it should thus happen. In addition, the Venerable Arahants, Siddhattha, Maïgala, Paduma, Sivalī, Candagutta, Indagutta, Suriyagutta, Cittasena, Jayasena, and Acala looking eastwards arrived and stood in front of the pitcher placed at the gate of this festive occasion. Supatiñhita, the son of Nandisena and Sumana devi, and the minister appointed for the festive ceremonies, walked around the relic-chamber and went and brought a staff made of silver for measuring the circular boundary of the Stupa. When Arahant Siddhattha saw the minister walking thus around the relic-chamber and measuring too large dimensions, he ordered him to measure moderate ones. On hearing the name of Arahant Siddhattha, the names of the eleven other Arahants, and the name of the minister and his parents, king Dutugemunu felt particularly glad, thinking: 'The work on the Stūpa will certainly be successful.'

He then had eight large water pots of gold and eight of silver placed in the midst of the Great Stupa, and had a hundred and eight vases placed around the large water pots. He had, likewise, eight bricks of gold placed in eight corners and a hundred and eight bricks of silver around each of the bricks of gold.

The Stupa is blessed

Arahant Cittasena placed a lump of fragrant resin in the east side upon the boundary line drawn around the Great Stūpa. Arahant Jayasena sprinkled over it, and when, under the constellation of Uttarāsāëha, Supatiññhita, the minister for the festive ceremonies, placed bricks of gold together with lavish offerings over the scented water.

It is said that: the earth, all of two hundred seventy thousand yojanas, roared and quaked at that time.

He had through his sons, similarly, placed bricks of gold in the other seven sides of the Great Stupa. Afterwards, king Dutugemunu and the people there honoured with gifts the Arahants who were seated at the four quarters, and took themselves seats to hear a Dhamma talk delivered that day by the great Arahant Piyadassī.

Having heard it, forty thousand people became Arahants, forty thousand were established in the fruit of stream-entry (sotāpatti-phala), a thousand became once-returners (sakadāgamis), and a thousand became non-returners (anāgamis). Eighteen thousand monks and fourteen thousand nuns became Arahants.

Buddha's Relic

After The Buddha's Parinibbāna, His relics were enshrined and worshipped in stupas by Princes of eight countries two quarts in each country. The two quarts of relics that were enshrined in the village Rāmagāma were, according to The Buddha's determination, destined to be enshrined in the Great Stūpa Ruvanveli.King Dutugemunu who, on the full-moon day of the month of Āsāëha (June-July), under the constellation of Uttarāsāëha, would officiate in the ceremony for the enshrining of the relics in the Great Stūpa, worshipped the Sangha (Order of monks) on the day before the full-moon day, reminded them that tomorrow is the appointed day for the enshrining of the relics and requested them to give him the relics. The Saïgha ordered then the novice Arahant Soõuttara, who was gifted with the six supernormal faculties, to bring the relics, which Arahant Soõuttara manages to bring and offer to the Sangha.

Then king Dutugemunu received from the Sangha the Buddha's relics upon his head in a casket and departed from the golden pavilion in the midst of manifold offerings and honours made by gods and Brahmas. He circumambulated the relic-chamber three times, entered to it from the east, and when laid the relic-casket on a silver couch one koñi worth, that was arranged in the north side. An image of the Buddha was then, according to the Buddha's determination, created in the lion's reclining posture (sīhaseyya), and all the relics were enshrined within that image. When the enshrining of the relics in the Great Stūpa Ruvanveli was completed, the two novices Uttara and Sumana closed the relic-chamber with the stone-blocks that were previously hidden to be used as a lid.

"The relic-chamber shall not shake even by an earthquake; flowers such as jasmine that were offered on that day shall not wither till the end of Buddha Gotama's Dispensation; the lamps that were kindled with ghee-oil shall not be extinguished; the clay that was mixed with perfume and sandalwood shall not dry; even a single scratch shall not appear within the relic-chamber; stains shall not appear in any of the golden goods that were offered.' All this occurred by the determination-power of all Arahants present. They determined also that inimical persons should not be able to even see the relic-chamber. Furthermore, by order of king Dutugemunu, the people of Srī Lanka enshrined, along with many other objects such as golden and silver caskets, thousand more of the Buddha's relics over the relic-chamber."

The Great Stupa is constructed

තාරකා මණ්ඩලය යටතේ මහා සෑයේ අත්තිවාරම් ගල ස්ථාපනය කර "මා මේ ස්ථූපය වෙනුවෙන් කරනා ක්රිඩයාවන් සාර්ථකව නිම කිරීමට හැකිවේවා!!.එවිට බුද්ධරක්ඛිත, ධම්මරක්ඛිත, සංඝ රක්ඛිත හා ආනන්ද රහතුන් වහන්සේලා මහා සෑ මලුවේ සතර දිශාවෙන් නැගීසිටීවා"කියා අධිෂ්ඨාන කළේය.මෙය ඔහු අධිෂ්ඨාන කල පරිදිම ඉටුවිය.ඉන්ගුත්ත රහතන් වහන්සේ එය එසේ සිදුවිය යුතු යැයි සැළසුම් කළහ.ඊට අමතරව පූජ්‍ය සිද්ධත්ත, මායිගල, පදුම, සීවලී, කන්දගුත්ත, ඉන්දගුත්ත, සූරියගුත්ත, සිත්තසේන, ජයසේන හා අකල රහතුන් වහන්සේලා නැගෙනහිර දෙස බලා උත්සව අවස්ථාවේ දොරටුව අසළ තිබූ කොතළය ඉදිරිපිට සිටගත්හ.නන්දිසේන හා සුමනා දේවියගේ පුත් සුපටින්හිත හා උත්සව මංගල්යිය සඳහා පත්කෙරුණු ඇමතිවරයා, ධාතු මන්දිරය වටා සක්මන් කර මහා සෑයේ වක්රා කාර සීමාව මැනීම සඳහා රිදීයෙන් තැනූ යශ්ටියක් ගෙනෙන ලදී.ඇමතිවරයා මේ අයුරින් ධාතු මන්දිරය වටා ඉතා විශාල පරිමාණයක් මනිමින් යනු දැක අරහත් සිද්ධත්ත තෙරුන් ඔහුට මධ්යිම ප්රදමාණයෙන් මනින ලෙස උපදෙස් දුන්හ.සිද්ධත්ත තෙරුන්ගේ, ඇමතිවරයාගේ හා ඔහුගේ දෙමාපියන්ගේ නම් ඇසීමෙන් දුටුගැමුණු රජු "ස්ථූපයේ වැඩ සාර්ථක වේ" යැයි සිතා සතුටට පත් විය. අනතුරුව ඔහු විශාල රන් කළ අටක් හා රිදී කළ අටක් මහා සෑය මධ්යඩයේ ස්ථාපිත කර ඒ විශාල දිය කළ වටා පුන්කළස් එකසිය අටක් තැන්පත් කළහ.මේ අයුරින් ඔහු රත්ර න් ගඩොල් අටක් අට කොනේ තබා තැන්පත් කර ඒ වටා රිදී ගඩොල් එකසිය අට බැගින් තැන්පත් කළේය.

The Great King

During the Dispensation of the future Buddha Metteyya, king Dutugemunu will become the Buddha's chief disciple on His right side. King Saddhātissa will become the chief disciple on His left side. Kāvantissa and Vihāra Mahā- Devī will become the parents of the future Buddha Metteyya. Princess Anulā, the younger sister of king Kāvantissa, will become the chief Queen of the Bodhisatta Metteyya. Prince Saliya will become the son of the Bodhisatta Metteyya. Saõgha, king Dutugemu's Chancellor of the Exchequer, will become the chief attendant of the Buddha Metteyya. The Chancellor's daughter will become the chief she-attendant.

External links

Discover Sri Lanka - More information & images about Ruwanwelisaya
This page incorporates content from Dr. Rohan Hettiarachchi's [1] used with permission of website owner.
Ruvanveli Seya - The Wonderous Stupa Built by Gods and Men
Mini Stupa

ta:ருவான்வெலிசாய

බුදුසරණෙන් කොපි කිරීම

Latest comment: වසර 12කට පෙර1 comment1 person in discussion

බුද්ධාගමේ දේවල් සොරකම් කිරීම හරි මදි. අද මෙම ලිපියෙහි මෙම සංස්කරණය බුදුසරණෙන් කොපි කරලා. --- () 15:29, 28 ජූනි 2011 (යූටීසී)Reply

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